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  3. Robots have been the stuff of science fiction for so long that it is surprisingly hard to see them as the stuff of management fa

Robots have been the stuff of science fiction for so long that it is surprisingly hard to see them as the stuff of management fa

admin2017-01-12  84
问题     Robots have been the stuff of science fiction for so long that it is surprisingly hard to see them as the stuff of management fact. It is time for management thinkers to catch up with science-fiction writers. Robots have been doing menial jobs on production lines since the 1960s. The world already has more than 1 million industrial robots. There is now an acceleration in the rates at which they are becoming both cleverer and cheaper: an explosive combination.
    Robots are learning to interact with the world around them. Their ability to see things is getting ever closer to that of humans, as is their capacity to ingest information and act on it. Tomorrow’ s robots will increasingly take on delicate, complex tasks. And instead of being imprisoned in cages to stop them colliding with people and machines, they will be free to wander.
Until now executives have largely ignored robots, regarding them as an engineering rather than a management problem. This cannot go on: robots are becoming too powerful and ubiquitous. Companies certainly need to rethink their human-resources policies—starting by questioning whether they should have departments devoted to purely human resources.
    The first issue is how to manage the robots themselves. An American writer, Isaac Asimov laid down the basic rule in 1942: no robot should harm a human. This rule has been reinforced by recent technological improvements: robots are now much more sensitive to their surroundings and can be instructed to avoid hitting people.
    A second question is how to manage the homo side of homo-robo relations. Workers have always worried that new technologies will take away their livelihoods, ever since the original Luddites’ fears about mechanised looms. Now, the arrival of increasingly humanoid automatons in workplaces, in an era of high unemployment, is bound to provoke a reaction.
    Two principles—don’t let robots hurt or frighten people—are relatively simple. Robot scientists are tackling more complicated problems as robots become more sophisticated. They are keen to avoid hierarchies among rescue-robots (because the loss of the leader would render the rest redundant). They are keen to avoid duplication between robots and their human handlers. This suggests that the world could be on the verge of a great management revolution: making robots behave like humans rather than the 20th century’s preferred option, making humans behave like robots.  
From the passage we can see that the author thinks homo-robo relations______.
选项 A、are intrusive
B、render worries
C、become sentient
D、require specifications
答案D
解析 推断题。此题实际是考查作者对人与机器人关系的看法。文中提到管理机器人可能会遇到的问题，并指出“随着机器人变得日益选进，机器人科学家们正在处理更复杂的问题”，需要一个重要的管理改革，故作者认为人类和机器人的关系是需要规范的，故D项为正确答案。A项“是侵略性的”、B项“带来担忧”和C项“变得有感情的”均不能准确地表达出二者的关系，故排除。
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