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  3. Where do tigers live? North-eastern China, the Indian subcontinent , and the Russian Far East are all home to different species

Where do tigers live? North-eastern China, the Indian subcontinent , and the Russian Far East are all home to different species

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    Where do tigers live? North-eastern China, the Indian subcontinent , and the Russian Far East are all home to different species of this beautiful big cat, but maybe not for much longer. According to a recent study by leading conservationists, the wild tiger is now closer to extinction than previously realized. In fact, it is thought that there are fewer than 5000 tigers existing in the wild around the world. Illegal hunting is a huge factor. Most countries have laws that prohibit the hunting and trade of these animals , but the temptation for local poachers is great. A poor villager can earn up to 60 times his daily earnings by trapping and killing one tiger. This money may guarantee the survival of his family. The dead tiger is handed over to a middle man, who then often smuggles it abroad. Its fur may end up hanging on a wall and its bones may be used for medicinal purposes.
    The other factor affecting the survival of the wild tiger is the reduction of their natural habitat. When man moves into an area that was previously tiger territory, the tiger loses its natural prey since the villagers often hunt such animals for their own food. Then the tiger goes after the villagers’ cows and goats, and so it becomes the hunted. Another problem with reduced habitat is that the tigers will not cross open land, so they cannot get to isolated areas of forest to breed with other tigers.
    One country that has taken action over the competition for habitat is Russia. The ancient forests of Southern Siberia are being logged for their increasingly expensive timber. These loggers, a-long with the poaching of tigers and their prey, have posed a serious threat to the survival of the tiger population. However, since 1992 the Wildlife Conservation Society(WCS)has been carrying out The Siberian Tiger Project. By attaching radio collars to the tigers they can trace their movements and gather a wealth of information about their habits. In this way, the Russian government has been provided with invaluable support and advice.
    The ’ Tiger Response Team’, a special unit of the Russian government, takes active steps towards resolving the problems between tigers and humans. One aim is to keep tigers away from human settlements. The team uses fireworks or even electrified dead animals to deter the tigers from approaching villages. Sometimes the tigers are captured and simply moved to other areas. If the animal is considered too dangerous, it may be taken to a zoo on the other side of the world. At least in a protected environment like this, scientists are able to study wild tigers in a way that they could not in their natural habitat. Also, captive breeding programmes are a way to increase tiger numbers: they can be used to introduce genetic variability into the wild tiger population.
    The WCS also considers the management of the tigers’ prey essential to the programme. This requires the establishment of large areas of habitat for both the tigers and their prey to coexist. This can be achieved through properly managed wildlife tourism. Tourism can generate money and jobs for local people, as well as creating opportunities to conserve suitable land for tigers to live on. It is also an excellent way to educate the locals and tourists in conservation issues.
    There is no clear solution to saving the tiger, but there is still great pressure from conservation societies and environmental groups to ensure its survival. We will only be able to do this if we can find a balance between the need of people to earn a living and the need to preserve the tigers’ habitat.
Questions 71 to 75
Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
    One of the threats to the survival of the wild tiger is【E1】______, although it is hard to put the blame on the poor who have done this.【E2】______is another threat to their survival. Tigers are trapped in small areas of forest and there is no longer any【E3】______for them to hunt. Various solutions have been suggested. Scientists have been studying the tigers’ habits so that they can help solve the problems between people and the tigers. Sometimes tigers are caught and taken to zoos, where they are used in breeding programmes to introduce【E4】______into the wild tiger population. Wildlife tourism can generate money and jobs for local people and is also useful in helping to【E5】______ and tourists. While there are still a lot of problems between tigers and humans, there are a lot of people who are working hard to save these rare animals.
【E4】
选项
答案genetic variability
解析 (倒数第三段中谈及了一些为保护野生老虎而采取的措施。其中一个办法就是圈养计划，这样能增加老虎的数量，使种群产生遗传变异。所以此空填genetic variability。)
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本试题收录于： A类竞赛（研究生）题库大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）分类
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大学生英语竞赛（NECCS）

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