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  3. Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by customs

Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by customs

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问题 Andrew Carnegie, American industrialist and philanthropist, made a fortune by manufacturing iron and steel protected by customs tariff. In 1873, on one of his frequent trips to England, he met Henry Bessemer and became convinced that the industrial future lay in steel. He built the J. Edgar Thomson Steel Mills near Pittsburgh, and from that moment on, the Carnegie Empire was one of constant expansion. Later on, the Carnegie Steel Co. became an immense organization. It included all the processes of steel production from the great furnaces and finishing mills of Pittsburgh to the lake steamers that moved the ores and the finished products.
    Like his grandfather, Andrew Carnegie did not abandon the radical idealism of his forebears for the benefit of the working class and tile poor people. In spite of his espousal (支持) of Hebert Spencer’s philosophy and the social Darwinism of the period, Carnegie remained deeply committed to many of the Chartist (宪章运动) ideals of his boyhood, He believed in the social responsibility of the man of wealth to society. He must serve as a steward for the fortune he has earned and use that fortune to provide greater opportunity for all and to increase man’s knowledge of himself and of his universe. Furthermore, Carnegie considers that the dispensation of wealth for the benefit of society must never be in the form of free charity but rather must be as a support to the community’s responsibility for its own people.
    When Carnegie died in Lenox, Massachusetts on August 11, 1919, most of his fortune was already gone. People wonder that if Carnegie had known this when he was alive, he would have spread most of his wealth to the poor people.
Andrew Carnegie’s philanthropic ideals ______.
选项 A、developed from his belief in social Darwinism
B、developed through his education under Bessemer
C、developed from the Chartist ideals of his boyhood
D、resulted from union strikes and unrest(动乱) at the Carnegie Steel Company
答案C
解析 philanthropist和philanthropic是超纲词，但根据本文内容判断与慈善事业之类有关；从 In spite of his espousal of... 一句，可知他的慈善思想源于童年的民权思想
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