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  3. As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britai

As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britai

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问题     As former colonists of Great Britain, the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a "common law", or law made by courts 【B1】______ a monarch or other central governmental 【B2】______ like a legislature. The jury, a【B3】______of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case, is an 【B4】______ part of our common-law system.
    Use of juries to decide cases is a 【B5】______ feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States. 【B6】______the centuries, many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result 【B7】______ would be obtained using a judge 【B8】______, as many countries do. 【B9】______ a jury decides cases after "【B10】______", or discussions among a group of people, the jury’ s decision is likely to have the【B11】______from many different people from different backgrounds, who must as a group decide what is right.
    Juries are used in both civil cases, which decide【B12】______among【B13】______citizens, and criminal cases, which decide cases brought by the government【B14】______that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and【B15】______. Jurors, consisting of【B16】______numbers, are called for each case requiring a jury.
    The judge【B17】______to the case【B18】______the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states,【B19】______jurors are questioned by the judge; in others, they are questioned by the lawyers representing the【B20】______under rules dictated by state law.
【B2】
选项 A、agency
B、organization
C、institution
D、authority
答案D
解析 考查名词辨析。空格处填入的名词和governmental搭配，表示“像立法机关这样的中央政府______”。D．authority可表示“有权力做决定或在某个地区有特别责任范围的人们或组织”，即“当局，当权者”。文中legislature指“有权制定或修改法律的一群人”，即“立法机关”。因此D项为最佳答案。agency一般指“服务机构，尤其是代理或经销机构”；也可以指(提供特别服务)的政府专门机构，如the Central Intelligence Agency(美国中央情报局)；organization泛指各种组织、团体和机构；institution多指“大规模的用于特殊目的的组织”，如educational institution(教育机构)；或者指各种慈善机构和社会福利机构，均不符合题意。
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