首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
财经
All of the 2019 Nobel Prizes in science were awarded to men. That’s a return to business as usual, after biochemical engineer Fr
All of the 2019 Nobel Prizes in science were awarded to men. That’s a return to business as usual, after biochemical engineer Fr
admin
2021-06-15
31
问题
All of the 2019 Nobel Prizes in science were awarded to men. That’s a return to business as usual, after biochemical engineer Frances Arnold won in 2018, for chemistry, and Donna Strickland received the 2018 Nobel Prize in physics.
Strickland was only the third female physicist to get a Nobel following Marie Curie in 1903 and Maria Goeppert-Mayer 60 years later. When asked how that felt, she noted that at first it was surprising to realize so few women had won the award, "But, I mean, I do live in a world of mostly men, so seeing mostly men doesn’t really ever surprise me either."
The rarity of female Nobel laureates raises questions about women’s exclusion from education and careers in science. Female researchers have come a long way over the past century. But there’s overwhelming evidence that women remain underrepresented in the STEM fields of science, technology, engineering and math.
Studies have shown those who persist in these careers face explicit and implicit barriers to advancement. Bias is most intense in fields that are predominantly male where women lack a critical mass of representation and are often viewed as tokens or outsiders.
Traditional stereotypes hold that women "don’t like math" and "aren’t good at science." Both men and women report these viewpoints, but researchers have empirically disputed them. Studies show that girls and women avoid STEM education not because of cognitive inability, but because of early exposure and experience with STEM, educational policy, cultural context, stereotypes and a lack of exposure to role models.
For the past several decades, efforts to improve the representation of women in STEM fields have focused on countering these stereotypes with educational reforms and individual programs that can increase the number of girls entering and staying in what’s been called the STEM pipeline—the path from K-12 to college to postgraduate training.
These approaches are working. Women are increasingly likely to express an interest in STEM careers and pursue STEM majors in college. Women now make up half or more of workers in psychology and social sciences and are increasingly represented in the scientific workforce, though computer and mathematical sciences are an exception.
More women are graduating with STEM Ph. D. s and earning faculty positions. But they encounter glass cliffs and ceilings as they advance through their academic careers. They face a number of structural and institutional barriers in academic STEM careers.
In addition to issues related to the gender pay gap, the structure of academic science often makes it difficult for women to get ahead in the workplace and to balance work and life commitments. Bench science can require years of dedicated time in a laboratory. The strictures of the tenure-track process can make maintaining work-life balance, responding to family obligations, and having children or taking family leave difficult, if not impossible.
Why does the author think that bias is most serious in fields where there are mostly men?
选项
A、Because women in these fields do not have women role models.
B、Because these fields need more men who has more power and more expertise.
C、Because men in these fields usually have higher positions.
D、Because there aren’t enough women that can stand up for themselves in the group.
答案
D
解析
细节题。题干:为什么作者认为偏见在男性居多的领域最为严重? 根据题干关键词“bias”定位到文章第四段中的“Bias is most intense in fields that are predominantly male where women lack a critical mass of representation and are often viewed as tokens or outsiders.(偏见在以男性为主的领域最为强烈,在这些领域,女性代表没有达到临界数量,通常被视为象征或局外人)”。理解此句话的关键在于critical mass“临界数量”,临界数量指的是达到一定的数量能使某事发生或继续,所以本句话是说在这些女性代表数量不足、男性占主导的领域,偏见会更加强烈,故D项“因为在这些群体中,女性代表数量不足以至于她们不能捍卫自己”正确。A项“因为这些领域的女性没有女性榜样”,B项“因为这些领域需要更多拥有更多权力和专业知识的男性”和C项“因为通常在这些领域男性的地位更高”在文章中均没有提及,故排除。故本题选D。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/8NMc777K
本试题收录于:
英语题库银行系统招聘考试分类
0
英语
银行系统招聘考试
相关试题推荐
作为流通手段的货币,必须是足值的货币。()
在现代经济社会中,各国政府都具有宏观调控职能,一般通过货币政策、财政政策和对外经济政策以调节社会总供给与总需求均衡。被称为社会经济活动“内在稳定器”的是()。
Theinfluenceofclimateonbehaviorappearsall-pervasive.Indeed,whocanclaimthatweatherfactorshavenoinfluenceontheird
refertothefollowingannouncement.TheKylerInternationalCenterforProfessionalEducationprovidesabroadspectrumoftrai
Exchangelossesfromtransactionsneedtobeassessed________.
TheythoughttheprojectwouldbeagreatsuccesS:________itfailedtopromoteinterest
NewfiguresfromFrance,GermanyandItaly—thethreebiggesteconomiesinthe12countryEurozone—suggestthecontinent’seconomi
TheleadersofDetroit’sstrugglingBigThreeautomakersareappearingbeforetheSenatetoday,whereprospectsof¥25billioni
Weneedtoconductextensivebackgroundresearchonthefirmsfrom______wereceivedbids.
Allthesales.comCustomerClaimFormOrderNumber:058-9199ItemDetails:Date:Au
随机试题
毛泽东在1941年精辟论述“实事求是”原则的著作是()
患者,女,36岁。心悸、手抖、性情急躁3个月;6年前生产1女婴后口服避孕药至今,为排除甲状腺功能亢进症,最可靠的检查是
风热咳嗽的症状有
A.舒筋丸B.抱龙丸C.三七伤药片D.活血止痛饮E.三品内含乌头类药物的中成药是()。
下列会计事项中,可能引起资本公积金额变动的有()。(2012年)
心理咨询师对心理咨询员的指导不包括()。
巴赫的《英国组曲》《法国组曲》《意大利协奏曲》等作品是()类乐曲。
某省检察机关请求其他省检察机关提供调查对象情况,是一种()。
党员:干部:青年
MostofthepeoplewhoarevisitingBritain______aboutthefoodandweatherthere.
最新回复
(
0
)