首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A hundred years ago,it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
A hundred years ago,it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have
admin
2016-01-05
72
问题
A hundred years ago,it was assumed and scientifically "proved" by economists that the laws of society made it necessary to have a vast army of poor and jobless people in order to keep the economy going. Today, hardly anybody would dare to voice this principle. It is generally accepted that nobody should be excluded from the wealth of nation, either by laws of nature or by those of society. The opinions, which were current a hundred years ago, that the poor owed their conditions to their ignorance, lack of responsibility, are outdated. In all Western industrialized countries, a system of insurance has been introduced which guarantees everyone a minimum of existence in case of unemployment, sickness and old age. I would go one step further and argue that, even if these conditions are not present, everyone has the right to receive the means to survive, in other words, he can claim this existence minimum without having to have any "reason". I would suggest, however, that it should be limited to a definite period of time, let’s say two years, so as to avoid the encouraging of an abnormal attitude which refuses any kind of social obligation.
This may sound like a fantastic proposal, but so, I think, would our insurance system have sounded to people a hundred years ago. The main objection to such a scheme would be that if each person were entitled to receive minimum support, people would not work. This assumption rests on the fallacy of the inherent laziness in human nature, actually, aside from abnormally lazy people, there would be very few who would not want to earn more than the minimum and who would prefer to do nothing rather than work.
However, the suspicions against a system of guaranteed existence minimum are not groundless from the standpoint of those who want to use ownership of capital for the purpose of forcing others to accept the work conditions they offer. If nobody were forced to accept work in order not to starve, work would have to be sufficiently interesting and attractive to induce one to accept it. Freedom of contract is possible only if both parties are free to accept and reject it; in the present capitalist system this is not the case.
But such a system would not only be the beginning of real freedom of contract between employers and employees, its principal advantage would be the improvement of freedom in interpersonal relationships in every sphere of daily life.
Which of the following seems to be people’s opinion a hundred years ago?
选项
A、It was unnecessary to have a lot of poor and jobless people.
B、Some people should be excluded from the wealth of the nation.
C、The poor should attribute their conditions to the nation.
D、Minimum existence should be granted to the poor.
答案
B
解析
第一段的前四句对比了一百年前和现在的两种不同观点,其中第一句提出,一百年前的观点是为了保持经济发展,社会上必然会存在大量的穷人和失业人口,第三句指出,现在的观点认为穷人不能被排除在国家的财富之外。显然,一百年前的观点认为穷人和失业者的存在是合理的,他们是被排除在国家的财富之外的,所以选B)。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/8dQ7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Whyspeciesdon’tavoidextinctionbyadapting.B、Whyhumanswon’tbecomeextinctinthefuture.C、Whyspeciesbecomeextinct
A、Studyinginaforeignenvironment.B、Livingfarawayfromfamily.C、Returningbacktohomecountry.D、Fittingintoaforeignc
A、Theairpollutioniscausedbythedevelopmentofindustry.B、Thecitywaspoorbecausetherewasn’tmuchindustrythen.C、The
A、Thehistoryofsomefamouscities.B、Thepopulationinthewholeworld.C、ThedifferencebetweenEuropeandUSA.D、Thecharact
Londonersaregreatreaders.Theybuyvastnumbersofnewspapersandmagazinesandevenofbooks—especiallypaperbacks,which
A、WhyJapaneseshouldworkless.B、ThedifferencebetweenJapaneseandtheWest.C、Worklessandmoreleisure.D、Workmoreandl
Children’sideasabouttherainforestsandtheimplicationforcoursedesignA)Adultsandchildrenarefrequentlyconfrontedwi
TheUnitedNationssaystheworld’spopulationwillincreaseby34percentbytheyear2050.Scientistsandothersknowitwill
A、Hetookadvantageofhislargecircleoffriends.B、Heattemptedallsortsofadventuresworldwide.C、Hecombinedfantasticma
NBAcentreJasonCollinsrecentlyannouncedhewasgayinacoverstoryforSportsIllustrated.Inotherwords,he"cameoutof
随机试题
我国形成了九品三十等的官僚等级制度的时代是()。
Youcannotbe______carefulwhenyoudriveacar.
张三酒后与李五发生争吵,随后两人互相殴打,均受轻伤。县公安局认为张三首先挑起事端,应负主要责任,对其拘留8天,同时责令其拿出500元作为李五的医药费。张三向市公安局申请复议,市公安局作出了维持的复议决定。张三随后向县法院提起行政诉讼,其律师提醒他可以提起行
冯某对市房管局向孙某核发房屋所有权证的行为不服,以自己是房屋所有权人为由请求法院判决撤销某市房管局的发证行为。冯某向法院提交了房屋所有权证,孙某向法院提交了该房屋买卖合同,市房管局向法院提交了孙某的房屋产权登记申请、契税完税证等证据。下列哪一说法是正确的?
下列函数中,()不是微分方程y"-4y’+3y=0的解。
编制监理规划的时间是()。
(2013年)关于社会保险行政复议的说法,错误的是()。
警察发现90%的偷盗发生在没有报警系统的房屋。于是警察得出结论,在C城市,报警系统的存在对偷盗起了威慑作用。警察的结论预先假设了什么?
人民法院审理行政案件过程中,发现地方规章与部门规章不一致时,应当选择下列哪种做法?()
Thefollowingparagraphsaregiveninawrongorder.Youarerequiredtoreorganizetheseparagraphsintoacoherentarticleby
最新回复
(
0
)