首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
Laughter The nature of laughter laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound it is controlled by our【
admin
2022-03-30
61
问题
Laughter
The nature of laughter
laughter is a【L31】________process — involves movement and sound
it is controlled by our【L32】________
Reasons for laughter
only 10% of laughter is caused by jokes/funny stories
may have begun as sign of 【L33】________after a dangerous situation
nowadays, may help to develop【L34】________within a group
connected to【L35】________(e.g. use of humour by politicians or bosses)
may be related to male/female differences (e.g. women laugh more at male speakers)
may be used in a【L36】________way to keep someone out of a group
Benefits of laughter
safe method for the【L37】________of emotions such as anger and sadness
provides good aerobic exercise
leads to drop in levels of stress-related【L38】________
improves the【L39】________
can stop【L40】________and improve sleep
【L37】
Good afternoon, everybody... and in our second talk on social psychology, I want to look at the role of laughter in our lives — something that usually gets everyone smiling from the start.
So first of all, I’ll start by looking at the actual nature of laughter. Well, when someone laughs you’ve got movement of the muscles of the face and the chest, and you’ve got sound formed when the air’s forced out of the body as part of this process,
so we’re talking about a physical activity.
But obviously other things are involved as well and this is where it gets more complicated. Laughing isn’t something that you normally decide to do. So it’s not voluntary behaviour, like ordinary speech. Instead
it’s regulated by. our instincts
rather like the singing of a bird, or the roaring of a lion. And once you start to laugh, it can be quite hard to stop as that’s not always under your conscious control either.
But why do we laugh? Because we find something funny, most of us would say. But in fact, it appears that laughter has little to do with jokes or funny stories. Only about 10 per cent of laughter is caused by things like that. One suggestion is that human laughter may have originally started out as a shared response to
signal relief at the passing of danger.
And it’s true that even these days, laughter’s rarely an activity carried out by an individual on his or her own. In fact, people are 30 times more likely to laugh when they’re with other people than when they’re completely alone. Laughter still seems to be a kind of social signal. It occurs when people are in a group and they’re comfortable with one another. And it seems likely that laughter can result in
the creation of bonds
between the people in the group.
And it’s precisely because of this social aspect of laughter that people like public speakers and politicians often try to get their audience to laugh. It encourages their listeners to trust them and to connect with them. But this kind of thing — controlling the laughter of a group, indicates that
there’s a link between laughter and power,
and this is supported by several studies that indicate that bosses use humour more than their employees. And research has also shown that female listeners are likely to laugh much more if the speaker is male, so it appears that there are gender issues associated with how much we laugh.
I should also point out that laughter
can be used as a negative signal
as well as a positive one. I think we’ve all probably seen evidence of a group using laughter to exclude someone... to emphasise that they are not accepted. So it’s not always a positive type of behaviour, either. So what all this goes to show is that laughter is a very, very complex issue.
It does appear however that laughter has definite benefits. If we look first at the psychological aspects, we know that people often tend to store negative emotions, such as anger, sadness and fear, rather than expressing them, and it seems that laughter provides
a harmless way for the release of those emotions.
But there are also clear physical effects that have been monitored too. For example, laughter is good aerobic exercise — it speeds up heart rate and respiration, and raises blood pressure; one researcher suggests that 100 laughs a day is the equivalent of 10 minutes’ jogging.
Laughter also helps prevent the stress that so many people suffer from today, which results from the faster pace of life and all that goes with it. It does this
by reducing the levels of hormones in the blood which are caused by stress.
And, in addition, it is known to increase the levels of chemicals that protect the body from infection or pain and so it helps to
boost the immune system.
One interesting study showed that people who had had surgical operations asked for fewer painkillers if they’d been viewing comic films. In fact, research has even shown that the quality of dreams can be positively affected by laughter — a good laugh 10 minutes before going to sleep can
prevent you from having bad dreams and give a much more pleasant and restorative night’s sleep.
So there’s now little argument that finding things funny and enjoying a good laugh is extremely beneficial to us all. What we need to consider now are the ways in which laughter can be used as a treatment for people who...
选项
答案
release
解析
录音原文中表示从心理(psychological)层面上,人们通常把一些消极的情绪藏在心里,例如生气、伤心和害怕,如果把这些情绪表达出来,笑则能为这些情绪的释放(the release of those emotions)提供一个无害的途径。录音中的a harmless way“无害的方式”是题目safe method“安全的方式”的同义替换。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/8g8O777K
本试题收录于:
雅思听力题库雅思(IELTS)分类
0
雅思听力
雅思(IELTS)
相关试题推荐
Questions27-30Foreachquestion,onlyONEofthechoicesiscorrect.Writethecorrespondingletterintheappropriateboxon
Questions27-30Foreachquestion,onlyONEofthechoicesiscorrect.Writethecorrespondingletterintheappropriateboxon
MIGRATORYBEEKEEPINGTakingWingToekeoutafull-timelivingfromtheirhoneybees,abouthalfthenation’s2,000commercialb
MIGRATORYBEEKEEPINGTakingWingToekeoutafull-timelivingfromtheirhoneybees,abouthalfthenation’s2,000commercialb
Right-andleft-handednessinhumansWhydohumans,virtuallyaloneamongallanimalspecies,displayadistinctleftofright-ha
INSEARCHOFTHEHOLYGRAILIthasbeencalledtheHolyGrailofmodernbiology.Costingmorethan£2billion,itisthemosta
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.Australia’sGrowingDisasterFar
Whenwerethefollowingfeaturesincludedinanautoshow?Writethecorrectletter,A,B,orCnexttoquestions17-20.Alast
insurance本题有关这款DVD的售价。录音原文中的thatincludes是题目中including的同义替换。
international本题询问整个周末都有的活动事宜。录音原文中提到,美食街(foodcourt)提供有各国美食(internationalfood),故该空应填入形容词international。
随机试题
下列关于事业部制的描述中,不正确的是()
Withoutyourhelp,we______somuch.
《传染性非典型性肺炎防治管理办法》规定,任何单位和个人,必须接受疾病预防控制机构、医疗机构、卫生监督机构对有关传染性非典型肺炎进行
影响下道工序质量的质量控制点应由()共同检查确认并签证。
1999年10月15日,A公司与B公司签订了一份加工承揽合同。该合同约定:由B公司为A公司制作铝合金门窗1万件,原材料由A公司提供,加工承揽报酬总额为150万元,违约金为报酬总额的10%;A公司应在1999年11月5日前向B公司交付60%的原材料,B公司应
若A是m×n阶矩阵,且A的n个列向量线性无关,则A的秩()。
下列选项中与“她还没有端酒杯,就醉了”所使用的修辞手法不相同的是()。
设A,B分别为m×n及n×s阶矩阵,且AB=O.证明:r(A)+r(B)≤n.
设随机变量X的密度函数为f(x),已知方差DX=1,而随机变量Y的密度函数为f(一y),且X与Y的相关系数为记Z=X+Y.(Ⅰ)求EZ,DZ;(Ⅱ)用切比雪夫不等式估计P{|Z|≥2).
Whatdoweknowaboutthemother?
最新回复
(
0
)