2. 外语
  3. A.The mayor of Manchester is a woman. B.There is a mayor in Manchester. What is the semantic relation of these two sentences?

A.The mayor of Manchester is a woman. B.There is a mayor in Manchester. What is the semantic relation of these two sentences?

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问题 A.The mayor of Manchester is a woman.
B.There is a mayor in Manchester. What is the semantic relation of these two sentences?
选项 A、Entailment
B、Presupposition
C、Contradiction
D、Tautology
答案B
解析 如果我们说A预设(presuppose)B，是指B是A成立的先决条件，从逻辑上讲，如果A为真，则B必定为真；如果A为假，则B仍然为真。该题中，A句“曼彻斯特的市长是女士”如果是真的话，则B句“曼彻斯特有市长”则一定是真；即使A句是假，即“曼彻斯特的市长不是女士”，那么B句依然成立，因为只有曼彻斯特有市长，才能讨论其是男是女。因此A预设B。
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