2. 外语
  3. Power, like vanity, is not satisfiable. Nothing could satisfy it completely. And it is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in t

Power, like vanity, is not satisfiable. Nothing could satisfy it completely. And it is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in t

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问题     Power, like vanity, is not satisfiable. Nothing could satisfy it completely. And it is, indeed, by far the strongest motive in the lives of important men. Love of power is greatly increased by the experience of power, and this applies to petty power as well as to that of those in power. In any autocratic regime, the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with experience of the delights that power can afford. Since power over human beings is shown in making them do what they would rather not do, the man who is actuated by love of power is more apt to inflict pain than to permit pleasure. If you ask your boss for leave of absence from the office on some legitimate occasion, his love of power will derive more satisfaction from refusal than from consent. If you require a building permit, the petty official concerned will obviously get more pleasure from saying "No" than from saying "Yes". It is this sort of thing which makes the love of power such a dangerous motive.
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答案 权欲，如同虚荣心，是贪得无厌的，没有任何东西可以完全满足它。实际上，到目前为止，权力是大人物生活中最为强烈的动机。权力的行使会大大增加人们对权力的欲望，不论是区区小权还是至高无上的大权，一概如此。在任何一个专制政权中，掌权者行使了赋予他们的权力之后，变得愈加专横跋扈。既然统治人的权力体现在让别人做他们不情愿做之事，被权力驱使的人往往愿意给别人施加痛苦而不是给予快乐。如果你有合理的理由向老板请假，那么，拒绝批假比准假更能满足他的权欲。如果你申请建一座楼房，很显然，说“不行”比说“行"更能使那个小负责人得到快乐。就是这类事情使权力欲变成了一个危险的动机。
解析    (1)satisfy作动词解时，有“使幸福，使愉快；使满足，使满意”等意，又如：
    Why some people are never satisfied?
    为什么有的人永不满足?
    Many countries cannot satisfy the needs of their people．
    很多国家无法满足人民的生活需要。
    I offered him $10，000 to keep quiet，but that didn’t satisfy him and he wanted even more．
    我提出给他10 000美金让他不要泄密，但他并不满足于此，而是提高了要价。
    This work does not satisfy me．
    这件工作我不满意。
    I wasn’t satisfied with our treatment at that hotel，so I shall complain to the proprietor．
    我不满意我们在那家旅馆受到的待遇，因此我要向旅馆老板投诉。
   (2)短语by far有“到目前为止”之意。
   (3)love of power“对权力的喜爱／欲望”
    love n．有“爱好；喜好”之意，又如：
    love of music对音乐的爱好
   (4)the experience of power行使权力，文中的“行使”为experience的引申义。
    experience用作动词表示“经历，体验”，又如：
    He experienced all sorts of difficulties and hardships．
    他经历过一切艰难困苦。
   (5)this applies to petty power as well as to that of those in power
    动词短语apply to意为“适用于；将……应用于”。
    常见的用法为apply sth．to sth．，或apply sth．to do sth．，又如：There are several testsyou can apply to find out how old a tree is．有几种测试可以知道树的年龄。It would be foolish toapply policies designed for a big country like the United States to a small country like Cuba．将为美国这样的大国量身定做的政策用于像古巴这样的小国是愚蠢的。
    petty adj．不重要的；次要的
    those in power统治者；当权者；有权势者
   (6)In any autocratic regime，the holders of power become increasingly tyrannical with expe—rience of the delights that power can afford．此句中的experience在句中可译作动词，作“行使”解。
    autocratic专制的；独裁的
    the holders of power掌权者；当权者
    tyrannical adj．残暴的
    本句可译为：在任何一个专制政权中，掌权者行使了赋予他们的权力之后，变得愈加专横跋扈。
   (7)Since power over human beings is shown in making them do what they would rather notdo，the man who is actuated by love of power is more apt to inflict pain than to permit pleasure．此句句架为：Since…the man who…is more apt to inflict pain than to permit pleasure．
    …is shown…为被动结构。
    power over human beings中介词短语over human beings作后置定语，意为“对人类行使权力”，power over指“在……方面行使权力”。
    短语would rather not意为“不情愿”。动词actuate有“促使”之意。短语be apt to意为“易于……”注意句中的more…than结构含有比较之意。
    本句可译为：既然统治人的权力体现在让别人做他们不情愿做之事，被权力驱使的人往往愿意给别人施加痛苦而不是给予快乐。
   (8)If you ask your boss for leave of absence from the office on some legitimate occasion，hislove of power will derive more satisfaction from refusal than from consent．此句句架为：If…hislove of power will derive more satisfaction．．．than．．．
    ask for请求，寻找，要求，需要，申请
    leave of absence休假，请假
    介词短语on some legitimate occasion作原因状语用，表示“由于合理的原因”。
    derive satisfaction from从……中获得满足
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