首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In a windowless room on the University of California, Berkeley, campus, two undergrads are playing a Monopoly game that one of t
In a windowless room on the University of California, Berkeley, campus, two undergrads are playing a Monopoly game that one of t
admin
2015-06-14
89
问题
In a windowless room on the University of California, Berkeley, campus, two undergrads are playing a Monopoly game that one of them has no chance of winning. A team of psychologists has rigged it so that skill, brains, savvy, and luck—those ingredients that ineffably combine to create success in games as in life—have been made immaterial. Here, the only thing that matters is money.
One of the players, a brown-haired guy in a striped T-shirt, has been made "rich." He got $2,000 from the Monopoly bank at the start of the game and receives $200 each time he passes Go. The second player, a chubby young man in glasses, is comparatively impoverished. He was given $1,000 at the start and collects $100 for passing Go. T-Shirt can roll two dice, but Glasses can only roll one, limiting how fast he can advance. The students play for fifteen minutes under the watchful eye of two video cameras, while down the hall in another windowless room, the researchers huddle around a computer screen, later recording in a giant spreadsheet the subjects’ every facial twitch and hand gesture.
T-Shirt isn’t just winning: he’s crushing Glasses. Initially, he reacted to the inequality between him and his opponent with a series of smirks, an acknowledgment, perhaps, of the inherent awkwardness of the situation. "Hey," his expression seemed to say, "this is weird and unfair, but whatever." Soon, though, as he whizzes around the board, purchasing properties and collecting rent, whatever discomfort he feels seems to dissipate. Hes a skinny kid, but he balloons in size, spreading his limbs toward the jar ends of the table. He smacks his playing piece(in the experiment, the wealthy player gets the Rolls-Royce)as he makes the circuit—smack, smack, smack ending his turns with a board-shuddering bang! Four minutes in, he picks up Glasses’s piece, the little elf shoe, and moves it for him. As the game nears its finish, T-Shirt moves his Rolls faster. The taunting is over now: He’s all efficiency. He refuses to meet Glasses’s gaze. His expression is stone cold as he takes the loser’s cash.
For a long time, primatologists have known that chimpanzees will act out social dominance with a special ferociousness, slapping hands, stamping feet, or "charging back and forth and dragging huge branches," as Jane Goodall once wrote. And sociologists and anthropologists have explored the effects of hierarchy in tribes and groups. But psychology has only recently begun seriously investigating how having money, that major marker of status in the modern world, affects psychosocial behavior in the species Homo sapiens. By making real people temporarily very affluent, without regard to their actual economic circumstances and within the controlled environment of a psych lab, the Berkeley researchers aim to demonstrate the potency of that one variable. "Putting someone in a role where they’re more privileged and have more power in a game makes them behave like people who actually do have more power, more money, and more status," says Paul Piff, the psychologist who designed the experiment. The Monopoly results, based on a year of watching inequitable games between pairs like Glasses and T-Shirt, have not yet been released. But Piff believes that they will support and amplify his previous provocative research.
Earlier this year, Piff, who is 30, published a paper in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that made him semi-famous. Titled "Higher Social Class Predicts Increased Unethical Behavior," it showed through quizzes, online games, questionnaires, in-lab manipulations, and field studies that living high on the socioeconomic ladder can, colloquially speaking, dehumanize people. It can make them less ethical, more selfish, more insular, and less compassionate than other people. It can make them more likely, as Piff demonstrated in one of his experiments, to take candy from a bowl of sweets designated for children. "While having money doesn’t necessarily make anybody anything," Piff says, "the rich are way more likely to prioritize their own self-interests above the interests of other people. It makes them more likely to exhibit characteristics that we would stereotypically associate with, say, assholes. "
These findings, in combination with a researcher eager to promote them, reverberated online. On message boards, detractors accused Piff of using his lab to promote a leftist agenda: that his home base was Berkeley only fueled those suspicions. Piff s e-mail box filled with messages calling him a "liberal idiot" and his work "junk science." "I would wager," says Wharton business-school psychologist Philip Tetlock, "that a congressional committee chair who favors redistribution of wealth would be far more likely to call these experts in as witnesses than would a committee chair who opposes redistribution."
It is easy to see Piff’s research as ideologically motivated. The point is to "shed light on some of the consequences of social class," he says. But whatever his goal is, the "results are apolitical," he says, and the data point in a clear direction. "Would I be less excited if we found that higher-status people were more generous?" he asks. "I’d probably be less excited, but that’s not what we found."
According to the article, which of the following is true about Berkeley researchers?
选项
A、They publicized the results of the Monopoly game and received much criticism.
B、They found people who participated the game behaved less ethical.
C、They were excited to find people in higher socioeconomic hierarchy less generous.
D、Their purpose of the research is to clarify the hierarchy in social classes.
答案
C
解析
推断题。文章倒数第二句“Would I be less excited if we found that higher—status people were moregenerous?”可知,这里研究者反问“如果我们的研究发现地位高的人更大方,我就不会那么兴奋吗?”,后面紧接着回答“也许会不那么兴奋,但毕竟我们的研究发现不是这样的。”由此可以推断研究者对他们的研究发现实际上是很兴奋的。故[C]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/8yOO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheobjectiveoftheChartistMovementwasdemocraticrightsforallmen,andittookitsnamefrom"______"
Note-takingSkillsNote-takingrequiresahighlevelofabilityinmanyskills,particularlyinthefollowingfourmostimport
Note-takingSkillsNote-takingrequiresahighlevelofabilityinmanyskills,particularlyinthefollowingfourmostimport
Cultureshockisapainfulexperiencewegothroughwhenweencountermanynewthingsinanothercountryandwe【1】______insom
Whatdoes"Australia"meanaccordingtotheoriginofthecountry?
IntroductiontotheSportsStudiesDepartmentThismini-lecturegivenbytheSportsStudiesDepartmentontheUniversity’sOpen
Thephenomenonthatlearner’sL1knowledgecanfacilitateL2acquisitionisknownas
Thebasicdistinctionbetweenachievementandproficiencytestsistobefoundinthedifferentpurposesforwhichthetwokinds
Studentslivinginthecampushavedifferentviewsonvisitationhoursestablishedforgirls’dormitory,whileyoucanvisitboys
TheAmericanTwo-partySystemI.IntroductionA.theoldestpolitical【B1】______aroundtheworld【B1】______B.theclassicalexam
随机试题
以下不属于技术分析方法特点的是()。
男性患者,29岁,风湿性心脏病二尖瓣狭窄、主动脉关闭不全病史多年,因低热2周并心衰加重入院,目前考虑风湿活动与感染性心内膜炎。关于病原学诊断以下哪项正确
下列哪个不是制备胶体金常用的还原剂
伤口分泌物涂片可见X线检查发现特殊性改变为
国家股是指有权代表国家的投资部门或机构以国有资产向公司投资形成的股份,()资产应该折算成国家股。
某市人民政府行文同意下属区级人民政府关于设置环保工作站的请示,应使用的文种是()。
机关工作会议比较多,但有的会议效率不高,如果让你主持一次会议,你会采取哪些措施提高会议效率?
一项最新研究发现,世界上的绿海龟越来越“雌性化”。专家估计,到2100年,约有93%的新生绿海龟为雌性。研究表明,决定绿海龟性别的主要因素是海龟孵化时周围沙子的温度。如果沙子的温度在28到30度之间,孵化出来的绿海龟雌雄比例差不多;如果温度高出这个范围,那
IEEE802.7标准,定义了()。
下列选项中不属于面向对象程序设计特征的是
最新回复
(
0
)