首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
For years, many educators have championed "errorless learning," advising teachers (and students) to create study conditions that
For years, many educators have championed "errorless learning," advising teachers (and students) to create study conditions that
admin
2013-06-10
63
问题
For years, many educators have championed "errorless learning," advising teachers (and students) to create study conditions that do not permit errors. The idea embedded in this approach is that if students make errors, they will learn the errors and be prevented or slowed in learning the correct information. But research by Nate Kornell at U. C. L. A. reveals that this worry is misplaced. In fact, they found, learning becomes better if conditions are arranged so that students make errors.
People remember things better, longer, if they are given very challenging tests on the material, tests at which they are bound to fail. In a series of experiments, they showed that if students make an unsuccessful attempt to retrieve information before receiving an answer, they remember the information better than in a control condition in which they simply study the information. Trying and failing to retrieve the answer is actually helpful to learning.
In one of their experiments, students were required to learn pairs of "weak associates," words that are loosely related such as star—night. In the pretest condition, students were given the first word of the pair (star— ???) and told to try to generate the second member that they would have to later remember. They had 8 seconds to do so. At that point they were given the target pair for 5 seconds. In the control condition, students were given the pair to study for 13 seconds.
The team found that students remembered the pairs much better when they first tried to retrieve the answer before it was shown to them. Studying a pair for 13 seconds produces worse recall than studying the pair for 5 seconds, if students in the latter condition spent the previous 8 seconds trying to retrieve or guess the answer. But the effect averaged about 10 percent better recall, and occurred both immediately after study and after a delay averaging 38 hours.
In another experiment, students were asked to read an essay and prepare for a test on it. However, in the pretest condition they were asked questions about the passage before reading it. Asking these kinds of question before reading the passage obviously focuses students’ attention on the critical concepts. To control this "direction of attention" issue, in the control condition students were either given additional time to study, or the researchers focused their attention on the critical passages in one of several ways: by italicizing the critical section, by holding the key term that would be tested, or by a combination of strategies. However, in all the experiments they found an advantage in having students first guess the answers.
Of course, these are general-purpose strategies and work for any type of material, not just textbooks. And remember, even if you get the questions wrong as you self-test yourself during study the process is still useful, indeed much more useful than just studying. Getting the answer wrong is a great way to learn. [503 words]
It can be inferred what impresses us most is those______.
选项
A、that satisfied us
B、that frustrated us
C、that brought us great success
D、that took our long-term effort
答案
B
解析
本题考查推理引申。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/98d4777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
TheStudents’UnionofyourdepartmentisplanninganEnglishEvening.Youareaskedtoinviteoneofyourforeignteacherstoj
Toimprovetheteachingskills,whatyouneedwilldependonwhatyouwanttodo.Mostteachershavecomputers,andmosthaveat
Toimprovetheteachingskills,whatyouneedwilldependonwhatyouwanttodo.Mostteachershavecomputers,andmosthaveat
Toimprovetheteachingskills,whatyouneedwilldependonwhatyouwanttodo.Mostteachershavecomputers,andmosthaveat
ClimaticconditionsaredelicatelyadjustedtothecompositionoftheEarth’satmosphere.Iftherewereachangeintheatmosphe
ThefederalentitycreatedbytheConstitutionisbyfarthedominantfeatureoftheAmericangovernmentalsystem.(1)_____the
ThefederalentitycreatedbytheConstitutionisbyfarthedominantfeatureoftheAmericangovernmentalsystem.(1)_____the
随机试题
一物一权的含义是一个物上只能有一个物权。()
关于胎膜早破,下列哪项正确
板状腹可见于( )
预防化脓性脑膜炎的健康教育应强调
如果SCL-90采用0~4的5级评分,筛选阳性的标准是总分超过()分。
进入中学,学生经常思考“我是一个什么样的人”“我的未来应怎样”等问题。按照埃里克森的心理社会发展理论,此阶段的主要任务是形成()。
一帆风顺的旅途只能酿就_______的思维,而人生中的_______从来都是经历了颠簸与坎坷之后才赫然出现。填入划横线部分最恰当的一项是()。
设随机变量X~U(0,1),在X=x(0<x<1)下,Y~U(0,x).求Y的边缘密度函数.
Notlongago,Ihadmyfirston-linechat.Ithoughtitwouldbe【C1】______becauseIhaveheardsomanypeople【C2】______itintha
Somemarriagesseemtocollapsesosuddenlythatyou’dneedacrystalballtopredicttheirdemise(灭亡).Inother【C1】______,tho
最新回复
(
0
)