首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
admin
2013-05-20
50
问题
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden
Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age
【1】______Mexico’s age structure is quite different from Sweden’s in 【1】______
that the former is like a【2】______with a wider base. In Sweden, the age 【2】______
structure is shaped like a rectangle, which results from a(n)【3】______ 【3】______
birth rate and low death rate in early and middle age. In Mexico, the
population is expanding rapidly. In Sweden, the population is stable in size
with a(n)【4】______distribution. 【4】______
The Effects of Different Age Structures:
--Age structures affects population growth:
a) A country with a larger percentage of people at the bottom of the
pyramid will have a【5】______population growth rate. 【5】______
b) a larger proportion of women of【6】______age results in a faster 【6】______
population growth.
--Age structure affects【7】______: 【7】______
1) a larger percentage of people of【8】______age means more wealth 【8】______
and higher standard of living.
2) a larger proportion of children is responsible for more expenditure
on【9】______to achieve the same standards. 【9】______
3) the【10】______rate is likely to be higher for jobs will have to be 【10】______
found for a larger number of graduates.
【7】
I want to talk today about the way in which a country’s population is structured into age groups. And in particular, I shall discuss two aspects of age structure--first, different age structures in different countries, and second, the effects of different age structures.
But first, what do I mean by this term "age structure"? Perhaps these graphs will help. They show the age structures of two countries--Mexico and Sweden. The left-hand side of each graph represents males, and the right-hand side represents females. The horizontal axis indicates the percentage of the population in different age groups. And the vertical axis indicates age. As you can see, Mexico’s age structure is very different from Sweden’s. Mexico’s is shaped like a pyramid, with a very wide base. In Mexico, large families are common; children’s death rates are also very much lower than they used to be, and so the result is a rapidly expanding population.
In Sweden, on the other hand, the age groups are much more evenly distributed. Sweden’s age structure shows a society that has been industrialized for a long time. A constant birth rate and a low death rate in early and middle age result in this almost rectangular shape that tapers off at the top as people die of old age. In other words, Sweden’s population is stable in size.
So much for age structures themselves. Now, what about the effects of different age structures? Well, we know that women have children when they are between the ages of about 15 and 45. And it is generally true that the larger the proportion of women of child-bearing age, the faster the population growth. Let’s consider two imaginary countries--Sunnary and Rainland. Both countries have 100,000 people. But as you can see from the age structures, in Sunnary there are 45,000 people between 15 and 45 in other words, about 22,500 women of child-bearing age. But in Rainland, there are 55,000 people between 15 and 45 about 27,500 women of child-bearing age. Suppose, in one year, one in every 10 women has a child, and one in every 10 people over 60 dies. We then have this situation., births in Sunnary are 2,250, compared with 2,750 in Rainland. Deaths in Sunnary are 1000 compared with 500 in Rainland. As a result, the population of Sunuary increases by 1,250. But Rainland’s population increases by 2,250. This situation will not go on forever, of course, because eventually there will by the same proportion of old people in both countries. But by that time, Rainland’s population will be much, much larger. The point I am making, then, is that age structure affects population growth: a country with a larger proportion of people at the bottom of the pyramid will have a higher population growth rate.
Age structure also has very important economic effects. I’ll mention just three effects as examples. In Mexico, the population between the ages of 15 and 64 makes up 54% of the total population. These 54% are the people able to work and se produce the country’s wealth and standard of living. But in Sweden this 15-64 age group comprises 67%. Yes, 67% of the population. So in Sweden, a larger proportion of the population are of working age.
A second economic effect of age structures is on education. We can see from the graph that Mexico has roughly double the proportion of children aged 5-14 that Sweden has. It’s clear that a country like Mexico, then, with a larger proportion of children, will have to spend a larger proportion of its national income on education--schools, teachers, books, etc.--to achieve the same educational standards.
And a third economic effect is that jobs will have to be found for these children when they leave school. This is more difficult for a country with a large proportion of children, se there is likely to be a higher unemployment rate.
I hope these examples, then, have illustrated what is meant by the term "age structure", and have shown some of the effects of different age structures.
选项
答案
economy
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/9D4O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
WhichofthefollowingthoughaccountingforasmallpartoftheAmericanpopulationarethefirstinhabitantsonAmericanland?
Thepopulationdecreasedfromthe1840suntilabout1970s,largelybecauseof______.
The"landofsong"refersto______.
Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixeslanguagesandisusedbyspeakersofdifferentlanguagesforpurposeoftradingiscalled_
"Theluckycountry"referstotheperiodundertheleadershipof______.
______iscommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures(theirculturalperceptionsandsymbolsystemsaredistinctenough
______approachthesamelinguisticunitfromdifferentperspectives.
Everysoofteninourlife,crisisloomslargeandclosebeforeus.Infaceofcrisis,individualsmayresponddifferently.Some
ThemainmountainrangeinthewestofUSstretchingfromtheCanadianbordertoNewMexicois
随机试题
首先考虑诊断的是需做哪些检查进一步明确诊断
A.巴宾斯基征B.贡达征C.拉塞格征D.霍夫曼征E.布鲁津斯基征坐骨神经痛应出现的是
在小檗碱的酸性水溶液中加入适量的漂白粉,小檗碱水溶液最终的颜色是()
某机电安装公司承建某36层商业大厦的建筑智能化系统安装工程。工程项目包括:通信网络系统、火灾自动报警及消防联动系统、安全防范系统、建筑设备自动监控系统、办公自动化系统等。商厦的库房门禁系统采用指纹电控锁,商厦内的通风与空调和消防等设施由BA系统监控。安装工
2009年1月13日16时30分左右,从宜昌闹市区的建城之星7楼飘出了一大叠百元大钞,数额估计达数万元。从天而降的钞票引发了________,一时间现场________,过往市民纷纷驻足争抢“天上掉下的馅饼”。填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是(
我国计量法规体系包括()。
教师只要准备了丰富多彩的多媒体课件,就可以不要板书了。()
小记者们果然______,从冯根生嘴里挖出不少“与青春宝有关的事儿”。填入横线部分最恰当的是()。
英美法系与大陆法系。
如果输入掩码设置为“L”,则在输入数据的时候,该位置上可以接受的合法输入是()。
最新回复
(
0
)