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  3. A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, wh

A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, wh

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问题     A number of factors related to the voice reveal the personality of the speaker. The first is the broad area of communication, which includes imparting information by use of language, communicating with a group or an individual, and specialized line communication through performance. A person conveys thoughts and ideas through choice of words, by a tone of voice that is pleasant or unpleasant, gentle or harsh, by the rhythm that is inherent within the language itself, and by speech rhythms that are flowing and regular or uneven and hesitant, and finally, by the pitch and melody (旋律) of the utterance. When speaking before a group, a person’s tone may indicate unsureness or flight, confidence or calm. At interpersonal levels, the tone may reflect ideas and feelings over and above the words chosen. Here a person’s tone can consciously or unconsciously reflect intuitive sympathy or antipathy, lack of concern or interest, fatigue, anxiety, enthusiasm or excitement, all of which are usually discernible by the acute listener. Public performance is a matter of communication that is highly specialized with its own techniques for obtaining effects by voice and/or gesture. The motivation derived from the text, and in the case of singing, the music, in combination with the performer’s skills, personality and ability to create empathy will determine the success of artistic, political, or pedagogic (教学的) communication.  Second, the voice gives psychological clues to a person’s self-image, perception of others, and emotional health. Self-image can be indicated by a tone of voice that is confident, pretentious, shy, aggressive, or outgoing, to name only a few personality traits. Also the sound may give a clue to the facade or mask of that person, for example, a shy person hiding behind an overconfident front. How a speaker perceives the listener’s receptiveness, interest, or sympathy in any given conversation can drastically alter the tone of presentation, by encouraging or discouraging the speaker. Emotional health is evidenced in the voice by free and melodic sounds of the happy, by constricted and harsh sound of the angry, and by dull and lethargic (昏睡的) qualifies of the depressed
By______, such pubic performance as artistic, political and pedagogic communication try to achieve effects.
选项
答案Voice and/or gesture
解析 细节理解题。文章第七句给出了答案。
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