2. 外语
  3. In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’ s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in

In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’ s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in

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问题     In 1977 the prestigious Ewha Women’ s University in Seoul, Korea, announced the opening of the first women’s studies program in Asia. Few aca- demic programs have ever received such public attention. In broadcast debates, critics dismissed the program as a betrayal of national identity, an imitation of Western ideas, and a distraction from the real task of national unification and economic development. Even supporters underestimated the program; they thought it would be merely another of the many Western ideas that had already proved useful in Asian culture, akin to airlines, electricity, and the assembly line. The founders of the program, however, realized that neither view was correct. They had some reservations about the applicability of Western feminist theories to the role of women in Asia and felt that such theories should be closely examined. Their approach has thus far yielded important critiques of Western theory, informed by the special experience of Asian women.
    For instance, like the Western feminist critique of the Freudian model of the human psyche, the Korean cri- tique finds Freudian theory culture-bound, but in ways different from those cited by Western theorists. The Korean theorists claim that Freudian theory assumes the universality of the Western nuclear, male-headed family and focuses on the personality formation of the individual, independent of society. An analysis based on such assumptions could be valid for a highly competitive, individu- alistic society. In the Freudian family drama, family members are assumed to be engaged in a Darwinian struggle against each other—father against son and sibling against sibling. Such a con- cept of projects the competitive model of Western society onto human personalities. But in the Asian concept of personality there is no ideal attached to individualism or to the independent self. The Western model of personality development does not explain major characteristics of the Korean personality, which is social and group-centered. The "self" is a social being defined by and acting in a group, and the well-being of both men and women is determined by the equilibrium of the group, not by individual self-assertion. The ideal is one of interdependency.  In such a context, what is recognized as "dependence" in Western psychiatric terms is not, in Korean terms, an admission of weakness or failure. All this bears directly on the Asian percep- tion of men’s and women’s psychology because men are also "dependent." In Korean culture, men cry and otherwise easily show their emotions, something that might be considered a betrayal of masculinity in Western culture. In the kinship-based society of Korea, four generations may live in the same house, which means that people can be sons and daughters all their lives, whereas in Western culture, the roles of husband and son, wife and daughter, are often incompatible.
It can be inferred from the passage that the position taken by some of the supporters of the Ewha women’ s studies program was problematic to the founders of the program because those supporters
选项 A、assumed that the program would be based on the uncritical adoption of Western theory.
B、failed to show concern for the issues of national unification and economic development.
C、were unfamiliar with Western feminist theory.
D、were not themselves scholars in the field of women’s studies.
E、accepted the universality of Freudian theory.
答案A
解析 创建E大学妇女研究计划的人认为，对他们的计划持支持态度的人，其观点也有问题，在于这些支持者：A．正确。认为这个计划是建立在全盘西化基础之上。见原文L11—17。B．未显示对民族统一和经济发展的关心。原文是反对该计划的人指责该计划内容。C．不熟悉西方女权思想。无。D．本身不是搞妇女研究的。无。E．接受弗氏观点的普遍性。无。
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