首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuma
admin
2020-08-21
33
问题
A fundamental problem for understanding the evolution of human language has been the lack of significant parallels among nonhuman primates. Several studies found that nonhuman primates do not have a vocal tract. However, such points have been challenged by recent research, suggesting that nonhuman primates may after all be valuable models for understanding the evolution of speech and language.
The main animal model for vocal learning has been birdsong acquisition. However, there are crucial differences between birdsong acquisition and human language learning. And given some severe limitations, for example, birds have two vocal organs and do not have the flexible supralaryn-geal structures that facilitate speech, of birdsong as a model of speech, there is value in seeking other appropriate parallels among mammals.
Recent studies on macaques and baboons have shown that the vocal tracts of these monkeys can produce a full range of human-like vowels. Turn-taking is a key to fluent human conversation and has been thought to be unique to humans. One study found that captive chimpanzees increasingly share resources when resources are diminished. Collaborative turn-taking for food has been seen in other primates. These recent studies show that there is value in looking for the evolutionary origins of speech and language in nonhuman primates.
Human speech and language are highly complex systems with multiple components. Thus, to fully explain language origins, researchers must seek multiple models that represent both diverging and
converging
evolutionary processes. There may also be differences among primate species in the developmental processes that parallel human language acquisition. However, no studies have yet described vowel-like sounds in these monkeys, so marmosets and tamarins may be useful primarily for developmental studies.
It is probable that early humans faced evolutionary pressures that differed from those encountered by other primates and that have made our complex communication system adaptive. Language may have been important for coordinating activities in large cooperative groups. If individuals can thrive without complex vocal signaling, there would be little motivation to push the communication further. Different sensory and motor systems may be important. We tend to evaluate language through a vocal / auditory system, whereas research on apes is beginning to illustrate the complexity of gestural communication.
Nonhuman primates do not talk, but we should not expect them to. Each species has its own adaptations for communication. Nevertheless, there is much about language evolution that we can learn from nonhuman primates, provided that we study a variety of species and consider the multiple components of speech and language.
We can infer from Paragraph 4 that_____.
选项
A、nonhuman primates are of great significance in studying the fountain of speech
B、the relationship between human speech and language is extremely complicated
C、fluent human conversation has no relationship with turn-taking
D、the vocal tracts of the mammals can produce human-like vowels
答案
B
解析
根据题干关键词定位到文章第四段。作者在该段中提出自己的观点,指出语言系统是非常复杂的,然后进一步阐释,故B项“人类言语和语言之间的关系是极其复杂的” 符合题意。A项“非人灵长类动物在研究语言的来源方面具有重要的意义”、C项“流利的人际对话与人的交谈没有任何关系”和D项“哺乳动物的声带可以产生类似人类的元音”均不是作者在第四段中表达的内容,故选B。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/9X1Z777K
0
考研英语一
相关试题推荐
AsformercolonistsofGreatBritain,theFoundingFathersoftheUnitedStatesadoptedmuchofthelegalsystemofGreatBritai
TheEarth’sdailyclock,measuredinasinglerevolution,istwenty-fourhours.Thehumanclock,【C1】______,isactuallyaboutt
TheEarth’sdailyclock,measuredinasinglerevolution,istwenty-fourhours.Thehumanclock,【C1】______,isactuallyaboutt
Beingavolunteerforthe2016OlympicGamesinRiodeJaneiro,Brazilisyourstrongwish.WritealettertotheRiodeJaneiro
Thetranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhis【C1】______languages,flailfacilityinthehandlingofhist
Thetranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhis【C1】______languages,flailfacilityinthehandlingofhist
Thetranslatormusthaveanexcellent,up-to-dateknowledgeofhis【C1】______languages,flailfacilityinthehandlingofhist
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlysco
It’slongbeenknown,butlittlediscussedinpolitehigh-techcircles,thatinformation-agetechnologyisnotthecleanindustr
Fearseemstobethedominantmoodofthemoment.Hurricanes,tidalwaves,floods,earthquakesandterrorismthisyearhaveall
随机试题
在防腐保温管补口、补伤时,防护层补口必须用补口套。
在计算营业税应纳税额时,纳税人的营业额超过起征点的,仅就超过起征点的部分征税。()
农村税费改革是新中国成立以来我国农村继实行土地改革、家庭承包经营之后的又一重大改革。土地改革、家庭承包经营及农村税费改革,从根本上说都是()。
某珠宝店被盗,警察已发现如下线索:(1)甲、乙、丙三人至少有一个人是罪犯(2)如果甲是罪犯,则乙一定是同案犯(3)盗窃发生时,乙正在咖啡店喝咖啡。可见( )。
《草叶集》是美国浪漫主义文学发展到顶峰的产物,其作者是()。(华侨大学2017)
在窗体上画1个命令按钮,并编写如下事件过程:PrivateSubCommand1_Click() Dima(3,3) Form=1To3 Forn=1To3 Ifn=mOrn=4-mThen
RecentsurveysshowthatJapaneseyouthhavebecomea"MeGeneration"thatrejectstraditionalvalues."Around1980many
WhatIsaMarket?Inthesimplestterms,amarketistheplacewheresellermeetsbuyertoexchangeproductsformoney.Trad
Impressionismisaformofartthatbeganinthe1870’s.Whenyoulookcloselyatanimpressionistpainting,youseelittledot
BritishCuisine:TheBestofOldandNewBritishcuisine(烹饪)hascomeofageinrecentyearsaschefs(厨师)combinethebest
最新回复
(
0
)