2. 外语
  3. Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. Wha

Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. Wha

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问题     Almost all our major problems involve human behavior, and they cannot be solved by physical and biological technology alone. What is needed is a technology of behavior, but we have been slow to develop the science from which such a technology might be drawn. 61) One difficulty is that almost all of what is called behavioral science continues to trace behavior to states of mind, feelings, traits of character, human nature, and so on. Physics and biology once followed similar practices and advanced only when they discarded them. 62) The behavioral sciences have been slow to change partly because the explanatory items often seem to be directly observed and partly because other kinds of explanations have been hard to find. The environment is obviously important, but its role has remained obscure. It does not push or pull, it selects, and this function is difficult to discover and analyze. 63) The role of natural selection in evolution was formulated only a little more than a hundred years ago, and the selective role of the environment in shaping and maintaining the behavior of the individual is only beginning to be recognized and studied. As the interaction between organism and environment has come to be understood, however, effects once assigned to states of mind, feelings, and traits are beginning to be traced to accessible conditions, and a technology of behavior may therefore become available. It will not solve our problems, however, until it replaces traditional pre-scientific views, and these are strongly entrenched. Freedom and dignity illustrate the difficulty. 64) They are the possessions of the autonomous (self-governing) man of traditional theory, and they are essential to practices in which a person is held responsible for his conduct and given credit for his achievements. A scientific analysis shifts both the responsibility and the achievement to the environment. It also raises questions concerning "values. " Who will use a technology and to what ends? 65) Until these issues are resolved, a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected, and with it possibly the only way to solve our problems.
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答案(如果)这些问题得不到解决，研究行为的技术手段就会继续受到排斥，解决问题的惟一方式也可能随之继续受到排斥。
解析 这是一个主从复合句。句子的框架是Until these issues are resolved，atechnology of behavior will．．．and with it…。until引导时间状语从句。主句如果用肯定形式，那么，这个时间状语从句翻译时可译成“如果……不……”。在主句中，and又连接两个并列的分句。it指代“a technology of behavior will continue to be rejected”，即指研究行为的技术手段受排斥这件事。with it possibly the only way to solved our problems之后省略了相同的谓语will also continue to be rejected。a technology of behavior在这里译成“研究行为的技术手段”。
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