首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
(1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there
(1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there
admin
2021-09-18
62
问题
(1) A couple of years ago a group of management scholars from Yale and the University of Pittsburgh tried to discover if there was a link between a company’s success and the personality of its boss. To work out what that personality was, they asked senior managers to score their bosses for such traits as an ability to communicate an exciting vision of the future or to stand as a good model for others to follow. When the data were analyzed, the researchers found no evidence of a connection between how well a firm was doing and what its boss was like. As far as they could tell, a company could not be judged by its chief executive any better than a book could be judged by its cover.
(2) A few years before this, however, a team of psychologists from Tufts University, led by Nalini Ambady, discovered that when people watched two-second-long film-clips of professors lecturing, they were pretty good at determining how able a teacher each professor actually was. At the end of the study, the perceptions generated by those who had watched only the clips were found to match those of students taught by those self-same professors for a full semester.
(3) Now, Dr Ambady and her colleague, Nicholas Rule, have taken things a step further. They have shown that even a still photograph can convey a lot of information about competence—and that it can do so in a way which suggests the assessments of all those senior managers were poppycock.
(4) Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule showed 100 undergraduates the faces of the chief executives of the top 25 and the bottom 25 companies in the Fortune 1,000 list. Half the students were asked how good they thought the person they were looking at would be at leading a company and half were asked to rate five personality traits on the basis of the photograph. These traits were competence, dominance, likeability, facial maturity (in other words, did the individual have an adult-looking face or a baby-face) and trustworthiness.
(5) By a useful (though hardly unexpected) coincidence, all the businessmen were male and all were white, so there were no confounding variables of race or sex. The study even controlled for age, the emotional expression in the photos and the physical attractiveness of the individuals by obtaining separate ratings of these from other students and using statistical techniques to remove their effects.
(6) This may sound like voodoo. Psychologists spent much of the 20th century denigrating the work of 19th-century physiognomists and phrenologists who thought the shapes of faces and skulls carry information about personality. However, recent work has shown that such traits can, Indeed, be assessed from photographs of faces with a reasonable accuracy.
(7) And Dr Ambady and Mr. Rule were surprised by just how accurate the students’ observations were. The results of their study, which are about to be published in Psychological Science, show that both the students’ assessments of the leadership potential of the bosses and their ratings for the traits of competence, dominance and facial maturity were significantly related to a company’s profits. Moreover, the researchers discovered that these two connections were independent of each other. When they controlled for the "power" traits, they still found the link between perceived leadership and profit, and when they controlled for leadership they still found the link between profit and power.
(8) These findings suggest that instant judgments by the ignorant (nobody even recognized Warren Buffett) are more accurate than assessments made by well-informed professionals. It looks as if knowing a chief executive disrupts the ability to judge his performance.
(9) Sadly, the characteristics of likeability and trustworthiness appear to have no link to company profits, suggesting that when it comes to business success, being warm and fuzzy does not matter much (though these traits are not harmful). But this result also suggests yet another thing that stock market analysts might care to take into account when preparing their reports: the physiognomy of the chief executive.
Dr Ambady and Nicholas Rule ________.
选项
A、prove senior managers like talking nonsense
B、demonstrate the development of the research
C、generally agree with the scholars in Yale University
D、denigrate the work of the former researchers
答案
B
解析
根据题干中的Dr Ambady and Nicholas Rule定位到第3段。第3段第1句的take things a step further表明Dr Ambady和Nicholas Rule进一步证明了研究成果,因此B项正确。推断题,A项中的senior manager是耶鲁大学和匹兹堡大学的管理学者所研究的对象,虽然第3段最后一句表明高级经理在胡说,但并没有喜欢(like)胡说之意,故A不正确;根据第3段最后一句也可以排除C项;D项没有原文依据。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/A8IK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
PASSAGETWOWhatisthemainargumentofthepassage?
(1)LarrySummersisright;thisyear’sFedsymposiuminJacksonHolewastriplydisappointing.Intheweeksbeforethegatherin
(1)Don’talwaysbelievewhatscientistsandotherauthoritiestellyou!Beskeptical!Thinkcritically!That’swhatItellmys
PASSAGEFOURWhat’sthecharacteroftheBritishaccordingtotheauthor?
(1)It’sagoldenageforstudyinginequality.ThomasPiketty,aFrencheconomist,setthebenchmarkin2014whenhisbook,Capi
(1)SomepeopledescribeDarwinianevolutionas"onlyatheory".Tryexplainingthattothefriendsandrelativesofthe700,000
(1)Oneofthese,concerningwhichIhavesaidlittle,istheescapedconvict(囚犯)uponthemoor(沼泽).Thereisstrongreasonno
A、Duringthechildhood.B、Inthemiddleage.C、Attheoldstage.D、Throughoutlife.D本题考查人们的心智能力什么时候开始受年龄影响。采访者问人们的心智能力是不是会受老年影响
A、Theroadside.B、Themainroad.C、Thesidestreet.D、Thepedestriancrossing.B警察让Mr.Simpson自己描述事情经过时,Mr.Simpson说当时自己正行驶在主干道上,
A、Sheownedacar.B、Shedrovewell.C、Shelikeddrivers’uniforms.D、Itwasherchildhooddream.D此题需要根据相关内容进行推理和归纳。女士说她从小就想学车,
随机试题
拥有计算机并以拨号方式接入Internet网的用户需要使用()。
A.蛤蚧B.蟾酥C.牛黄D.麝香E.斑蝥气特异而臭,刺激性强,不宜口尝的药材是
患者女性,23岁。未孕,月经规律,曾有盆腔炎史,现停经34天,阴道出血淋漓7天,下腹痛3小时就诊。最可能的诊断是
A、人参皂苷C型B、人参三醇C、齐墩果酸D、甘草皂苷E、柴胡皂苷的原皂苷元酸性最强
甲将邻居乙和丙打伤,乙以甲为被告向法院提起诉讼。在法院受理该案时,丙也向法院起诉,对甲提出索赔请求。法院受理了丙的诉讼请求,在征得当事人同意的情况下决定将上述两案并案审理。在本案中,乙、丙处于的诉讼地位是()。
业主或投资商的建设项目遇到承包商缺乏合作诚意会引发()。
根据契税法律制度的规定,下列各项中,属于契税纳税人的是()。(2015年)
下列包括房屋及设施设备维修养护计划的实施的是()。
“动物体的结构层次”在课程标准中的相关内容:重要概念:多细胞生物具有一定的结构层次,包括细胞、组织、器官(系统)和生物个体。具体内容:描述人体的结构层次:细胞、组织、器官、系统、人体。某版本七年级上册教材“动物体的结构层次”中主要内容如下:
端平入洛
最新回复
(
0
)