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  3. The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe c

The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe c

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问题     The traditional distinction between products that satisfy needs and those that satisfy wants is no longer adequate to describe classes of products. In today’s prosperous societies the distinction has become blurred because so many wants have been turned into needs. A writer, for instance, can work with paper and pencils. These are legitimate needs for the task. But the work can be done more quickly and efficiently with a word processor. Thus a computer is soon viewed as a need rather than a want.
    In the field of marketing, consumer goods are classed according to the way in which they are purchased. The two main categories are convenience goods and shopping goods. Two lesser types are specialty goods and unsought goods. It must be emphasized that all of these types are based on the way shoppers think about products, not on the nature of the products themselves. What is regarded as a convenience item in France(wine, for example)may be a specialty good in the United States.
    People do not spend a great deal of time shopping for such convenience items as groceries, newspapers, toothpaste, razor blades, aspirin, and candy. The buying of convenience goods may be done routinely, as some families buy groceries once a week. Such regularly purchased items are called staples. Sometimes convenience products are bought on impulse: someone has a sudden desire for an ice cream sundae on a hot day. Or they may be purchased as emergency items.
    Shopping goods are items for which customers search. They compare prices, quality, and styles, and may visit a number of stores before making a decision. Buying an automobile is often done this way. Shopping goods fall into two classes: those that are perceived as basically the same and those that are regarded as different. Items that are looked upon as basically the same include such things as home appliances, television sets, and automobiles. Having decided on the model desired, the customer is primarily interested in getting the item at the most favorable price. Items regarded as inherently different include clothing, furniture, and dishes. Quality, style, and fashion will either take precedence over price, or they will not matter at all.
    Specialty goods have characteristics that impel customers to make special efforts to find them. Price may be no consideration at all. Specialty goods can include almost any kind of product. Normally, specialty goods have a brand name or other distinguishing characteristics.
    Unsought goods are items a consumer does not necessarily want or need or may not even know about. Promotion or advertising brings such goods to the consumer’s attention. The product could be something new on the market as the Sony Walkman once was or it may be a fairly standard service, such as life insurance, for which most people will usually not bother shopping.
Shopping goods that are considered as basically the same are those______.
选项 A、that satisfy similar needs of the consumer
B、that consumers don’t care where to buy them
C、that consumers spend much time to look for
D、that can be found in nearly every shop
答案B
解析 细节判断题。辨认什么是看作基本相同的商品。关键词是“shopping goods”，文章第四段说选购商品(shopping goods)分作两类：可以看作基本相同的商品和看作不同的商品。当购买前种商品时。消费者选定式样后，最关心的是如何以最便宜的价格买到手，消费者不在乎到什么地方去买。选项B的意思为并不考虑到哪里去买，符合文章的意思，故为正确答案。其余三项与基本事实相悖。
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