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  3. What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Ya

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问题     What’s the best way to make sure a kid eats an apple? Ask him if he wants one. It’s really that simple, according to a recent Yale University study in which cafeteria workers asked students if they wanted fruit with their meal, and raised consumption of the good stuff from 40 to 70 percent. Want her to eat her vegetables, too? Rename them. When a Cornell researcher told kindergartners they were eating "X-ray vision carrots" rather than plain old vegetables, the kids ate 50 percent more.
    Despite years of junk-food bans and stringent nutrition standards in the nation’s school cafeterias, childhood obesity hasn’t dropped. Now researchers are testing simpler strategies designed to "nudge" students toward healthier decisions. Lisa Mancino of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, which oversees school-meal programs, calls the new approach "stealth health", getting kids to eat healthy without even realizing it. As it turns out, the problem may not be the presence of junk food after all; it’s that the good food just isn’t appealing enough.
    Stealth health is an application of behavioral economics, an academic field that studies the role of environmental factors in decision making. "The general principle is finding changes that push people in the right direction without limiting their choices," says David Just, a behavioral economist at Cornell University. In the cafeteria, that means using environmental cues to make the most nutritious decision the most desirable one. The school lunch provides lots of opportunities for increasing the appeal of healthy foods; verbal encouragement while ordering(asking the fruit question), descriptive labels("rich vegetable medley soup" sounds a lot better than "vegetable soup")and improved access(a cafeteria, for example, where the "grab and go" section is the healthiest)can all help sway a student’s decision. Even the method of payment matters. One recent study found that students who pay for a meal with cash make significantly healthier decisions than those who use a prepaid card. David Just thinks such changes, which help kids make healthy decisions even when unhealthy options are available, better prepare students for the real world than flat-out bans on junk food.
    Not all nutrition experts are thrilled with Just’s suggestion that schools back off on bans and bring back cookies. "We don’t expose kids to cigarettes in schools, we don’t teach them comic books in English class, so why would we provide unhealthy options in the cafeteria?" says Tracy Fox, vice president of the Society for Nutrition Education. She likes the idea of cafeteria workers suggesting fruit, but is skeptical that kids, if given the choice, would pick bananas over brownies.
Junk-food are forbidden in school’s cafeteria probably because______.
选项 A、adolescence obesity is a serious nationwide problem
B、U.S. government wants to oversee the school-meal programs
C、good food doesn’t have enough attraction to students
D、stealth health turns out a not-so-good approach
答案A
解析 属信息推断题。文章第二段第一句话讲到尽管学校餐厅很多年都禁止垃圾食品，但仍然没有解决儿童肥胖问题，因此可知之所以要禁止垃圾食品，就是因为儿童肥胖这一问题，故选项A符合题意。选项B犯了移花接木的错误，将美国农业部的职能进行套用，故错误。选项C迷惑性较大，但是这一观点是儿童不爱吃健康食品的原因，与禁止垃圾食品的原因并无关系，故错误。选项D犯了曲解文意的错误，作者认为隐形健康这种新方法还是比较有用的，故错误。
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