首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports
admin
2012-10-11
80
问题
The ratio between payments into and out of a country is known as the country’s balance of payments. Besides the value of imports, and exports (the balance of trade), the balance of payments includes private foreign loans (and interest); loans by governments, central banks, and international organizations; and movements of gold or reserve currencies.
An international medium of exchange is required for international trade. From the late 1800s until World War Ⅰ, most countries operated on the gold standard. Gold coins of standard specifications circulated freely between countries, making gold in effect an international currency. This system provided an automatic correction for some trade imbalances, but it had little liquidity (the money supply could not expand as rapidly as required by expanding trade), and it was vulnerable to short-term changes in the gold supply.
After the financial instability of the 1930s, the international monetary(货币的) system was rebuilt following World War Ⅱ on the gold-exchange standard. The values of most national currencies were fixed in relation to the U. S. dollar; reserves were kept in dollars, which could be exchanged on demand for gold at a set price ($35 an ounce until 1968). The International Monetary Fund (IMF), a key institution set up under this system, makes international loans with capital subscribed by its members which include most noncommunist states. Voting rights are proportional to the amounts subscribed. The IMF has been able, through its loans, to stabilize fluctuating currencies and to influence the internal financial policies of recipient(接受的) countries, a frequently criticized practice.
The success of the gold-exchange standard, however, depended on the superior position of the United States in world trade. In the 1960s, continual balance of payments deficits(赤字) lowered U. S. gold re serves and fatally undermined the system. In 1968 a two-tiered(两极的) system was adopted. Government banks maintained fixed gold prices, while nongovernmental buyers traded freely. Simultaneously, non-dollar special drawing rights (SDRs) were assigned to IMF members in proportion to their contributions. But these changes did not relieve strain on the U. S. dollar. In 1971 President Richard Nixon announced that dollars would no longer automatically be exchanged for gold, and since then there has been no single international monetary standard.
As a measure of money flow, the balance of payments differs from the balance of trade primarily because of its greater ______.
选项
A、specificity
B、accuracy
C、ability to predict future trends
D、comprehensiveness
答案
D
解析
细节题。由题干balance of payments定位到文章首段。该段讲到balance of payments(收支平衡)包括balance of trade(贸易平衡)、国外贷款、政府贷款等多项内容。因此,前者比后者内容广泛。而Dcomprehensiveness“全面的,广泛的”正合题意。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AWb7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
【B1】【B4】
A、Providemoreoutdoorclothingandapparatus.B、Turntheirattentiontofemalecustomers.C、Maketheshoppingareaascomfortab
Eveninthiselectronicera.papercontinuestoplayacompleteroleinourdailylives.Americansdependonabout85millionto
Thepassageismainlyabout______.CPAPisausefulmachineforpeoplewithsnoringproblemsbecauseitcanhelpto______.
A、Immediately.B、Thefollowingweek.C、Intwoweeks.D、Attheendofthesemester.B这是一道细节题,说话者说会在下周与每个人进行谈话,可见正确答案是B。
WhichofthefollowingdoIPrightsprotect?WhatcanyoulearnaboutthetrademarkprotectionintheU.S.?
Theconceptofpersonalchoiceinrelationtohealthbehaviorsisanimportantone.Anestimated90percentofallillnessmayb
Most______areprocessedbycomputeratourHeadOffice.
Theemployer_________thelettertohissecretary,whowroteitdowninshorthand.
Americanshavebecome______sophisticatedanddiscriminatingabouthowtheylive,eatandplaywithinaneverchangingworld.
随机试题
下列关于术前准备的叙述中,哪个不正确
对污染较重的伤口清创后暂不缝合,观察2~3天后如无明显感染,再缝合,这种缝合为
试述秦代诉讼制度中的诉讼程序、诉讼原则及诉讼制度对后世的影响。
甲因常去某洗浴中心而与业主叶某熟识。当甲知悉叶某在该洗浴中心还从事容留、介绍妇女卖淫活动后,就多次带本单位同事多人到该洗浴中心,让叶某介绍、安排像样的小姐“服务”。期间,甲均在一旁守候,并在事后询问他人给付叶某“台费”及卖淫女嫖资等情况。甲的行为:(
托收属于逆汇。()
下列各种环境中,属于政治法律环境的是()。
有8人要在某学术报告会上做报告.其中张和李希望被安排在前三个做报告,王希望最后一个做报告,赵不希望在前三个做报告,其余4人没有要求。如果安排做报告顺序时要满足所有人的要求,则共有多少种可能的报告序列?()
王太太带着孩子们参加了赴日旅游团,导游好奇地问他们家有几个孩子,三个孩子争先恐后地抢着回答。一个孩子说:“我有两个哥哥,两个妹妹。”另一个说:“我有三个妹妹,一个哥哥。”第三个说:“我有一个妹妹,三个哥哥。”根据三个孩子的回答,以下哪项为真?
•Readthefollowingarticleabout’Go-Fast’,acost-sayingprogrammeintroducedbythecarmanufacturerGeneralMotors,andthe
TheHappinessEffectThenexttimeyougettheflu,therewillalmostcertainlybesomeoneyoucanblameforyourpain.Ther
最新回复
(
0
)