首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The Process of Analyzing a Poem I. Genre — Possible forms: sonnet, elegy, lyric,【T1】_____, etc.【T1】______ — Different genres hav
The Process of Analyzing a Poem I. Genre — Possible forms: sonnet, elegy, lyric,【T1】_____, etc.【T1】______ — Different genres hav
admin
2017-12-07
69
问题
The Process of Analyzing a Poem
I. Genre
— Possible forms: sonnet, elegy, lyric,【T1】_____, etc.【T1】______
— Different genres have different attributes
II. Voice
— "I": the voice speaks in the poem
— Undramatized voice: no particular【T2】_____【T2】______
— Dramatized voice: a dramatized character
— Analyzing the voice
a)Attitude
b)【T3】_____【T3】______
c)Involvement
d)【T4】_____【T4】______
III. Argument, thesis or subject
— Conflicts
—【T5】_____【T5】______
— Ambiguities
— Relationships: conflicts, parallels, contrasts
—【T6】_____ or problems【T6】______
IV. Structure
—【T7】_____ structure【T7】______
a)Component parts(stanza, paragraph)integral to a poem
b)Relation between the parts
— Thematic structure
a)Equivalent to【T8】_____ in fiction【T8】______
b)Argument or presentation of the material
c)Having close relations with formal structure
V. Setting
—【T9】_____【T9】______
— Physical world
— Example of Tree
a)Concrete: specific tree
b)Tonal: create mood or associations
c)Connotative: used as a(n)【T10】_____【T10】______
d)【T11】_____: image of organic life【T11】______
e)Allegorical: representation of the cross of Christ
VI. Imagery
— Images of the physical setting
— Images as【T12】_____【T12】______
a)Extend the imaginative range, complexity and comprehensibility
b)Very brief
c)Extended analogies
VII. Language
— Kinds of words
—【T13】_____【T13】______
— Associations
—【T14】_____【T14】______
— Double meanings
— Ambiguities of meaning
VIII. Qualities【T15】_____【T15】______
— From the readers and form the readers
a)Response
b)Taste
c)Experience
d)Value
【T12】
The Process of Analyzing a Poem
Good morning, everyone. Today, we are going to talk about the process of analyzing a poem. The elements of analysis discussed below are designed to help you identify the ways in which poetry makes its meaning, especially its "parts"; they do not give a sense of how one goes about analyzing a poem. It is difficult to give a prescription, as different poems call on different aspects of poetry, different ways of reading, different relationships between feeling, images and meanings, and so forth. Of course, for the sake of argument, I am going to summarize the process of analyzing a poem in eight questions. Let me explain them one by one.
1. What is the genre, or form, of the poem?
[1]Is it a sonnet, an elegy, a lyric, a narrative, a dramatic monologue, an epic, etc. Different forms or genres have different subjects, aims, conventions and attributes. A love sonnet, for instance, is going to talk more about different aspects of human experience in different ways with different emphases than a political satire is, and our recognition of these attributes of form or genre is part of the meaning of the poem.
2. Who is speaking in the poem?
Please remember that if the voice of the poem says "I", that doesn’t mean it is the author who is speaking: it is a voice in the poem which speaks.[2]The voice can be undramatized: for example, it’s just a voice, it doesn’t identify itself; or dramatized: the voice says "I", or the voice is clearly that of a particular persona, a dramatized character. To analyze a poem, we’d better identify the voice. What does the voice have to do with what is happening in the poem? What is its attitude?[3]What is the tone of the voice? How is the voice involved in the action or reflection of the poem?[4]What is the perspective or "point of view" of the speaker? The perspective can be social, intellectual, political, even physical. There are many different perspectives, but they all contribute to the voice’s point of view, which point of view affects how the world of the poem is seen, and how we respond.
3. What is the argument, thesis, or subject of the poem?
What, that is to say, is it apparently "about"? Start with the basic situation, and move to consider any key statements;[5]any obvious or less obvious conflicts, tensions, ambiguities; key relationships, especially conflicts, parallels, contrasts;[6]any climaxes or problems posed or solved or not solved.
4. What is the structure of the poem?
There are two basic kinds of structure, formal and thematic.[7]Formal structure is the way the poem goes together in terms of its component parts: if there are parts—stanza’s, paragraphs or such—then there will be a relation between the parts. For instance, the first stanza may give the past, the second the present, the third the future.
[8]Thematic structure, known in respect to fiction as "plot", is the way the argument or presentation of the material of the poem is developed. For instance a poem might state a problem in eight lines, an answer to the problem in the next six; of the eight lines stating the problem, four might provide a concrete example, four a reflection on what the example implies. There may well be very close relations between formal and thematic structure. When looking at thematic structure, you might look for conflicts, ambiguities and uncertainties, the tensions in the poem, as these give clear guides to the direction of meanings in the poem, the poem’s "in-tensions".
5. How does the poem make use of setting?
[9]There is the setting in terms of time and place, and there is the setting in terms of the physical world described in the poem. In terms of the physical world of the poem, setting can be used for a variety of purposes. A tree might be described in specific detail, a concrete, specific tree; or it might be used in a more tonal way to create mood or associations, with saying the wind blows mournfully through the willows;[10]or it might be used as a motif, the tree that reminds me of Kathryn, or of my youthful dreams;[11]or it might be used symbolically, as for instance an image of organic life; or it might be used allegorically, as a representation of the cross of Christ. Consider this a spectrum:[11]from concrete, tonal, connotative, symbolic to allegorical.
6. How does the poem use imagery?
"Imagery" refers to any sort of image, and there are two basic kinds. One is the images of the physical setting described above.[12]The other kind is images as figures of speech, such as metaphors. These figures of speech extend the imaginative range, the complexity and comprehensibility of the subject. They can be very brief, a word or two, a glistening fragment of insight, a chance connection sparked into a blaze of understanding; or they can be extended analogies, such as Donne’s "conceits" or Milton’s epic similes.
7. Examine the use of language.
What kinds of words are used?[13]How much and to what ends does the poet rely on connotation, or the associations that words have?[14]Does the poem use puns, double meanings, ambiguities of meaning?
8.[15]What qualities does the poem evoke in the reader?
What sorts of learning, experience, taste and interest would the "ideal" or "good" reader of this poem have? What can this tell you about what the poem "means" or is about? The idea is that any work of art calls forth certain qualities of response, taste, experience, value, from the reader, and in a sense "forms" the reader of that particular work. This happens through the subject matter, the style, the way the story is told or the scene set, the language, the images, the allusions, all the ways in which we are called by the text to construct meaning.
Ok. I have outlined eight aspects of analyzing a poem for you. Again, I want to reiterate that these eight questions are not exhaustive, but only tentative in probing into a given poem. With these questions in mind, next time, we shall talk about the symbolism in poems.
选项
答案
figures of speech
解析
本题询问意象的第二类是什么。讲座中提到另外一种意象是修辞格,即figures of speech。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AcsK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
PASSAGETHREEHowdothedivebarsattracttheauthorandhisbuddies?
PASSAGEFOURWhatdoestheauthorimplybysaying"...thedetailswerelefttoothers."inthelastparagraph?
PASSAGETHREEWhatdoestheauthormeanbysaying"Theircaseisweak."inPara.2?
A、Positive.B、Negative.C、Indifferent.D、Tolerant.B
Thereareseveralpossiblerelationshipsbetweenlanguageandsociety.Oneiswhatsocialstructuremayeitherinfluenceordete
Thereareseveralpossiblerelationshipsbetweenlanguageandsociety.Oneiswhatsocialstructuremayeitherinfluenceordete
PASSAGEFOURWhatistheauthor’sattitudetowardsLeroy’shelpingDartanyon?
Itcouldbearguedthathumanbeingsareaspeciesofanimal.However,theuniquecharacteristics,whichmakesmankinddifferent
PASSAGEONEWhydoestheauthordescribeDreamWorksasawanderingtribe?
随机试题
以下行为中,可以不经著作权人许可,不向其支付报酬的是()。
年轻人的弥漫性单纯性甲状腺肿,如无症状,其治疗首先考虑
诊断脑出血最迅速最可靠的检查是
背景资料:某工程公司中标承包一城市道路施工项目,道路总长为15km,其中包括一段燃气管线的敷设。工程建设工期很紧。为抓紧时间,该公司很快组成项目经理部,项目部进行了临建。项目部拿到设计院提供的设计施工图决定立即开始施工,监理工程师尚未到场。开工后
企业资金结构中,合理地安排负债资金对企业的影响有()。
K966次是()列车。
我国已经成为全球最大的留学生输出国之一,出国留学人数年平均增长率超过25%,2011年累计出国留学人数比1978年规模扩大了375倍。留学群体低龄化趋势明显,2010年我国出国留学高中及以下学历学生占当年留学总人数的19.8%,据2011年美国统计数字显示
在C语言系统中,假设int类型数据占两个字节,则double、long、unsignedint、char类型数据所占字节数分别为()。
It’ssaidthemostexcitingkindofeducationisalsothemostpersonal.Nothingcan【C1】______thejoyofdiscoveringsomething
A、Warm.B、Cold.C、Hot.D、Wet.B本题考查事实细节。题目问的是今天早上的天气怎样。男士说:“今天早上天气非常寒冷。”女士回答:“是的,比昨天冷多了。”由关键词cold可知正确答案是B项Cold(寒冷)。
最新回复
(
0
)