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  3. Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where

Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where

admin2010-02-20  60
问题     Social change is more likely to occur in societies where there is a mixture of different kinds of people than in societies where people are similar in many ways. The simple reason for this is that there are more different ways of looking at things present in the first kind of society. There are more ideas, more disagreements in interest, and more groups and organizations with different beliefs. In addition, there is usually a greater worldly interest and greater tolerance in mixed societies. All these factors tend to promote social change by opening more areas of life to decision.
    In a society where people are quite similar in many ways, there are fewer occasions for people to see the need or the opportunity for change because everything seems to be the same. And although conditions may not be satisfactory, they are at least customary and undisputed.
    Within a society, social change is also likely to occur more frequently and more readily in the material aspects of the culture than in the nonmaterial, for example, in technology rather than in values; in what has been learned later in life rather than what was learned early; in the less basic and less emotional aspects of society than in their opposites; in the simple elements rather than in the complex ones; in form rather than in substance; and in elements that are acceptable to the culture rather than in strange elements. Furthermore, social change is easier if it is gradual. For example, it comes readily on human relations on a continuous scale rather than one with sharp dichotomies (分歧). This is one reason why change has not come more quickly to black Americans as compared to other American minorities, because of the sharp difference in appearance between them and their white counterparts.
According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?
选项 A、Social values play an important role in social change.
B、Social change is more likely to occur in the material aspects of society.
C、Social change is more likely to occur if it comes gradually.
D、Social change tends to meet with more difficulty in basic and emotional aspects of society.
答案A
解析 四个选项均对应第三段若干个排比句。B选项说社会变化更容易发生在物质方面，对应了第一句话。C项说社会变化更可能趋向渐进发生，对应了倒数第三句。D项则对应了第三句话。只有A在原文中未体现，原文第一句话只说到了社会变化更可能发生在物质方面，例如技术；而非物质方面，例如价值观，并没有说到社会价值观是否在社会变化中起重大作用。
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