2. 外语
  3. Read the article below about project management. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.

Read the article below about project management. Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.

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问题     Read the article below about project management.
    Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.
    For each gap(8-12), mark one letter(A-G)on your Answer Sheet.
    Do not use any letter more than once.
    There is an example at the beginning(0).
              Can Your Marketing Be Effective Without Project Management?
    Are your projects flowing smoothly? Are you assigning responsibilities, deadlines and tasks, but it is just a headache to keep up? A likely problem is that tasks are not getting handed off well or at the right time to others.(0)G A project management system is not a cure-all, but it certainly is a start.
    In marketing, I’m always amazed at the lack of formalised project management systems. 【P1】______They assume that the purpose of a detailed plan is the same as it would be for other repetitive activities like manufacturing. The purpose of a project plan in marketing is to coordinate many of the uncertain activities that happen. And possibly more importantly, a good project plan will coordinate the activities of your resource requirements. Not everything will be predictable, but if we can make even some of the unpredictable predictable, we will increase the likelihood of success.
    Within a project plan, we can establish overall and individual process metrics. 【P2】______The value of these types of metrics is that they will allow you to take action during a project where and when you can still influence its success. Measur-ability is perhaps the most important feature of the project plan.
    Project management covers all aspects of planning: coordinating activities and resources and forming a baseline from which to manage the project. 【P3】______Once a schedule is completed, it should be posted or made available to all stakeholders of the project. Constant updating should appear and be visible to all parties. A project plan is an active document, and should be used to manage the process. A schedule is the translation of the project plan into individual tasks, identifying durations, responsibilities, start and finish dates, resources, flow and milestones.
    Everyone knows we cannot do enough planning, but it’s the time factor that prevents us, right? How much time does it really take to plan? From my experience you should use a baseline of around 5% of your project’s time in planning. Now, what happens if planning takes longer? You need to treat your planning process like any other process. Using a standard methodology, such as Lean Six Sigma and the toolset that it employs, will allow you the opportunity to get the most out of your planning cycle. 【P4】______I have found most companies actually enjoy planning, the collaboration and decision-making that take place during it. What everyone doesn’t like is the waste in planning, so get rid of it!
    The first thing you can do is plan the planning process. Take 5% of your planning time to improve your planning. Set objectives, milestones, create key performance indicators and, most of all, create a standard work plan. 【P5】______Consider that if you significantly improve your planning process, you will stop fighting such an uphill battle and create considerable down-flow opportunities of greater savings. Try it!
Example:
A This gives everyone involved the same reference point.
B We will need metrics to produce information quickly.
C It will improve your planning process, removing the waste that you have accumulated in it.
D After doing this a few times, planning will become very easy, intuitive and more productive.
E There is more to project planning than this.
F Most marketers resist the idea, misunderstanding the role of detailed planning for marketing projects.
G Another problem may be that everyone’s priorities seem all mixed up, and one or two people or departments seem to be an enormous bottleneck.
【P3】
选项
答案A
解析 所缺句子应说明“基线”的作用，与选项A提到的“这给了每个参与人相同的参照点。”相呼应，而且选项A中的everyone involved与后一句中的all stakeholders相呼应。
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