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  3. Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the politician’s argument? United States politician: Although the amou

Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the politician’s argument? United States politician: Although the amou

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问题 Which of the following, if true, most logically completes the politician’s argument?
United States politician: Although the amount of United States goods shipped to Mexico doubled in the year after tariffs on trade between the two countries were reduced, it does not follow that the reduction in tariffs caused the sales of United States goods to companies and consumers in Mexico to double that year, because__________.
选项 A、many of the United States companies that produced goods that year had competitors based in Mexico that had long produced the same kind of goods
B、most of the increase in goods shipped by United States companies to Mexico was in parts shipped to the companies’ newly relocated subsidiaries for assembly and subsequent shipment back to the United States
C、marketing goods to a previously unavailable group of consumers is most successful when advertising specifically targets those consumers, but developing such advertising often takes longer than a year
D、the amount of Mexican goods shipped to the United States remained the same as it had been before the tariff reductions
E、there was no significant change in the employment rate in either of the countries that year
答案B
解析 Argument Construction
Situation The politician suggests that tariffs on trade between Mexico and the United States were reduced during a certain year and notes that, in the year after that year, the amount of United States goods shipped to Mexico doubled. It may seem from this that the decrease in tariffs, because they may have reduced the prices of United States goods to Mexican companies and consumers, caused Mexican companies and consumers to double their purchases of United States goods in the year after the reduction in tariffs. This might explain the doubling of shipments of goods to Mexico. However, the politician argues that the decrease in tariffs did not cause the purchase of United States goods by Mexican companies and consumers to double.
Reasoning What possible facts would indicate that the decrease in tariffs may not have caused Mexican companies and consumers to double their purchases of United States goods?’The task in this question is to complete an argument that purports to show that a certain inference—that sales of United States goods to companies and consumers in Mexico increased as a result of the tariff decrease—does not follow logically from the fact that shipments of United States goods to Mexico doubled after the decrease in tariffs. Although it is not necessary to show that sales of United States goods to companies and consumers in Mexico did not double, any statement that would significantly decrease the strength of this inference may provide a reasonable answer to our question.
A The argument that the politician is criticizing concerns a change in a certain year that purportedly caused another purported change in the next year. This option, about longstanding relationships between United States and Mexican companies, does not address these changes.
B Correct. If the statement in this option is true, then we cannot, on the basis of an increase in shipments of goods to Mexico, infer that these goods were purchased by Mexican companies and consumers. The statement thus directly supports the politician’s argument.
C The argument that the politician is criticizing has to do with purported changes in purchasing behavior by Mexican companies and consumers, due to an increase in tariffs. This option, being entirely concerned with the effectiveness of marketing and advertising, does not address the argument.
D Although this option may suggest that the change in tariffs did not cause a significant change in shipments of Mexican goods to the United States, it does not address the matter of shipments of United States goods to Mexico.
E This option addresses an aspect that would be of interest when examining the effects of the change in tariffs. But it does not address the purported change that is addressed by the politician’s argument.
The correct answer is B.
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