首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be
admin
2014-01-07
59
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day",(Old English for breadmaker)and "Walker"(a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton"(middle enclosure)and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill).
Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact?
选项
A、Hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.
B、Black and "White" implied "dark" and "fair" respectively.
C、Vocational names carry with mem a certain gravity and dignity.
D、Every place in England has given its name to a family.
答案
C
解析
C中的gravity(重要性)和dignity(尊严)属于主观判断。A的内容在第4段第1句;B的内容在第5段倒数第2句;D的内容在第6段第1句,都是事实。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AtFK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Accordingtothepassage,howmanypeopleintheworldcanNOTgetenoughfoodtobehealthy?
Accordingtothepassage,whatdopeopleoftenthinkaboutastronomers?
Ihaveknownveryfewwriters,butthoseIhaveknown,andwhomIrespected,confessatoncethattheyhavelittleideawhereth
Ihaveknownveryfewwriters,butthoseIhaveknown,andwhomIrespected,confessatoncethattheyhavelittleideawhereth
Justasthebuilderisskilledinthehandlingofhisbricks,______theexperiencedwriterisskilledinthehandlingofhisword
AnAustralianresearchgroupmayeasehumanity’scollectiveconscienceoveraspateofprehistoricextinctionsonthesouthernc
Since1895theNationalTrusthasworkedforthepreservationofplacesofhistoric(1)_____andnaturalbeautyinEngland,Wales
Since1895theNationalTrusthasworkedforthepreservationofplacesofhistoric(1)_____andnaturalbeautyinEngland,Wales
Since1895theNationalTrusthasworkedforthepreservationofplacesofhistoric(1)_____andnaturalbeautyinEngland,Wales
随机试题
____theEnglishexaminationIwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
A.砂仁、豆蔻、鱼腥草B.西洋参、西红花、人参C.车前子、葶苈子、海金沙D.姜汁、梨汁、蜂蜜E.阿胶、鳖甲胶、鹿角胶需要另煎的一组药物是
A.白及B.仙鹤草C.棕榈炭D.血余炭E.炮姜
某女,35岁。行经错后,经水量少,有血块,行经小腹疼痛,经前双乳胀痛,烦躁,食欲不振。治当养血舒肝、调经止痛,宜选用的成药是
甲公司为增值税一般纳税人,2018年第四季度该公司发生的固定资产相关业务如下:(1)10月8日,甲公司购入一台需要安装的设备,取得的增值税专用发票上注明的价格为98万元,增值税税额为15.68万元,另支付安装费2万元,全部款项以银行存款支付,该设
为了使政府编制的旅游规划既具有合法性,更具合理性,我国《旅游法》规定旅游规划将要获得()通过。
班级是学校进行教学及管理的基层行政组织。()
古阳关位于敦煌城西75公里的古董滩上,三面沙丘,沙梁环抱。它与玉门关遥相呼应,像两颗明珠镶嵌在一段汉长城的两端,因在玉门关以南,故名阳关。阳关这样的边塞之地之所以闻名遐迩,并不起始于王维的那首《渭城曲》,而是因为它白汉魏以来就是通往西域诸国最西边防上的重要
甲于1990年10月因犯诈骗罪被判处无期徒刑,2004年3月被假释。2006年5月,甲通过互联网得知某单位有钢材销售后,与乙商量,要乙扮作自己的助手,携带款项前往洽谈生意。在甲与该单位谈判中,乙一直在场。经谈判,双方签订合同,合同约定,甲预付货款总金额30
Chinesediplomaticenvoysweresentwhoshouldstrengthenourinternationalpositionandstriveforworldpeaceandfriendly____
最新回复
(
0
)