首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be
admin
2014-01-07
62
问题
The men and women of Anglo-Saxon England normally bore one name only. Distinguishing epithets were rarely added. These might be patronymic, descriptive or occupational. They were, however, hardly surnames. Heritable names gradually became general in the three centuries following the Norman Conquest in 1066. It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.
British surnames fall mainly into four broad categories: patronymic, occupational, descriptive and local. A few names, it is true, will remain puzzling: foreign names, perhaps, crudely translated, adapted or abbreviated; or artificial names.
In fact, over fifty per cent of genuine British surnames derive from place names of different kinds, and so they belong to the last of our four main categories. Even such a name as Simpson may belong to this last group, and not to the first, had the family once had its home in the ancient village of that name. Otherwise, Simpson means "the son of Simon", as might be expected.
Hundreds of occupational surnames are at once familiar to us, or at least recognisable after a little thought: Archer, Carter, Fisher, Mason, Thatcher, Taylor, to name but a few. Hundreds of others are more obscure in their meanings and testify to the amazing specialisation in medieval arts, crafts and functions. Such are "Day",(Old English for breadmaker)and "Walker"(a fuller whose job it was to clean and thicken newly made cloth).
All these vocational names carry with them a certain gravity and dignity, which descriptive names often lack. Some, it is true, like "Long", "Short" or "Little", are simple. They may be taken quite literally. Others require more thinking: their meanings are slightly different from the modern ones. "Black" and "White" implied dark and fair respectively. "Sharp" meant genuinely discerning, alert, acute rather than quick-witted or clever.
Place-names have a lasting interest since there is hardly a town or village in all England that has not at some time given its name to a family. They may be picturesque, even poetical; or they may be pedestrian, even trivial. Among the commoner names which survive with relatively little change from old-English times are "Milton"(middle enclosure)and "Hilton"(enclosure on a hill).
Which of the following sentences is an opinion rather than a fact?
选项
A、Hundreds of occupational names are at once familiar to us.
B、Black and "White" implied "dark" and "fair" respectively.
C、Vocational names carry with mem a certain gravity and dignity.
D、Every place in England has given its name to a family.
答案
C
解析
C中的gravity(重要性)和dignity(尊严)属于主观判断。A的内容在第4段第1句;B的内容在第5段倒数第2句;D的内容在第6段第1句,都是事实。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AtFK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
CartoonArtistInagoodcartoon,/theartistcantellinafewlines/asmuchasawritercantellinhalfadozenparagr
Accordingtothepassage,whatdopeopleoftenthinkaboutastronomers?
Fashiondesignersarerarelyconcernedwithvitalthingslikewarmth,comfortand______.
Hefollowsastrictworkscheduleeverydayandrarely______fromtheroutine.
Justasthebuilderisskilledinthehandlingofhisbricks,______theexperiencedwriterisskilledinthehandlingofhisword
AnAustralianresearchgroupmayeasehumanity’scollectiveconscienceoveraspateofprehistoricextinctionsonthesouthernc
MervynKing,governoroftheBankofEngland,weighedintothedebateaboutimmigrationlastnightwhenhestronglyhintedthat
MervynKing,governoroftheBankofEngland,weighedintothedebateaboutimmigrationlastnightwhenhestronglyhintedthat
Since1895theNationalTrusthasworkedforthepreservationofplacesofhistoric(1)_____andnaturalbeautyinEngland,Wales
Since1895theNationalTrusthasworkedforthepreservationofplacesofhistoric(1)_____andnaturalbeautyinEngland,Wales
随机试题
简述人员配备的任务。
调节体内钙代谢的激素是
《中国药典》规定色谱系统性适用性试验中的分离度(R)应大于()
引起小儿秋季腹泻常见的病原体是
我国宪法保护公民的人身自由。根据宪法规定,公民若被逮捕,则下列说法正确的是?()
在正常使用下,电气系统给排水管道设备安装的最低保修期限是()。
小张的父亲2008年罹患尿毒症,需要通过透析维持生命,为了给父亲治病,小张花光了家中的积蓄,并向朋友借了30万元的外债。妻子王女士对此难以理解,引发矛盾,并因此起诉离婚。王女士认为小张借钱完全用于父亲治病,与家庭共同生活无关,拒绝承担30万元的债务。此案例
公司将其拥有的某些子公司、部门、产品生产线、固定资产等出售给其他经济主体的行为被称为()。
在信息系统安全管理技术中,下列属于信息防护技术的是()。
如果一个工人可管理多个设备,而一个设备只被一个工人管理,则实体“工人”与实体“设备”之间存在【】关系。
最新回复
(
0
)