首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others
admin
2012-06-10
94
问题
The age at which young children begin to make moral discriminations about harmful actions committed against themselves or others has been the focus of recent research into the moral development of children. Piaget in his hypothesis stated that because of their immaturity, children under age seven do not take into account the intentions of a person committing accidental or deliberate harm, but rather simply assign punishment for on the basis of the magnitude of the negative consequences caused. According to Piaget, children under age seven occupy the first stage of moral development, which is characterized by moral absolutism (rules made by authorities must be obeyed) and imminent justice (if rules are broken, punishment will be meted out). Until young children mature, their moral judgments are based entirely on the effect rather than the cause of a transgression. However, in recent research, Keasey found that six-year-old children not only distinguish between accidental and intentional harm, but also judge intentional harm as haughtier, regardless of the amount of damage produced. Both of these findings seem to indicate that children, at an earlier age than Piaget claimed, advance into the second stage of moral development, moral autonomy, in which they accept social rules but view them as more arbitrary than do children in the first stage.
Keasey’s research raises two key questions for developmental psychologists about children under age seven: do they recognize justifications for harmful actions, and do they make distinctions between harmful acts that are preventable and those acts that have unforeseen harmful consequences? Studies indicate that justifications excusing harmful actions might include public duty, self defense, and provocation. For example, Nesdale and Rule concluded that children were capable of considering whether or not an aggressor’s action was justified by public duty: five year olds reacted very differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house" depending on whether Bonnie did it "so somebody won’t fall over it" or because Bonnie wanted "to make Ann fell bad. " Thus, a child of five begins to understand that certain harmful actions, though intentional, can be justified; the constraints of moral absolutism no longer solely guide their judgments.
Psychologists have determined that during kindergarten children learn to make distinctions involving harm. Darley observed that among acts involving unintentional harm, six-year-old children just entering kindergarten could not differentiate between foreseeable, and thus preventable, harm and unforeseeable harm for which the perpetrator cannot be blamed. Seven months later, however, Darley found that these same children could make both distinctions, thus demonstrating that they had become morally autonomous.
Why do five-year-olds react differently to "Bonnie wrecks Ann’s pretend house"?
选项
A、Because they occupy the stage of moral autonomy.
B、Because they can distinguish between harmful and harmless acts.
C、Because they are capable of justify an aggressor’s action.
D、Because they realize that some of the intentionals are excusable.
答案
D
解析
文中第二段举了“伯尼毁坏了安的房子”这个例子,并说根据毁坏者的不同动机,五岁的孩子对该句话的反应完全不同。接着又总结说:因此,五岁的孩子开始理解到,有些伤害行为,即使是故意的,也可以原谅。综上,[D]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/AxmK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
KofiAnnanisexpectedtomakeaspeech_______.
Operationswhichleftpatients______andinneedoflongperiodsofrecoverythenowleavethemfeelingrelaxedandcomfortable
WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheman’sviewonmakingafilmandplayingmusic?
Everybodyis______ofsomethingbetterandhigher.
IntheUnitedStates,olderpeoplerarelylivewiththeiradultchildren.Butinmanyothercultureschildrenareexpectedtoca
Today,theworldwidewebcanbeusedbothtosearchinformationandtomakeit【C1】______toothers.Information【C2】______on
Ifyoufeeltiredallthetime,youdon’tnecessarilyneedtogotobedearlier.Thesolutioncouldbeassimpleastakingafiv
Earlyinthefilm"ABeautifulMind,"themathematicianJohnNashisseensittinginaPrincetoncourt-yard,hunchedoverapla
Hisfeatureswereagreeable;hisbody,______slightofbuild,hadsomethingofathleticoutline.
Ofcourse,mostimmigrantsdidnotgetrichovernight,butthe______ofthemwereeventuallyabletoimproveupontheirformer
随机试题
a=(1,λ,2),b=(2,-1,2),且a与b的夹角的余弦为,则λ=()
简述实践的含义和基本特征。
关于血液葡萄糖下列叙述中错误的是
A.99mTc-MDPB.99mTc-AGABC.99mTc-WBCD.99mTc-IgGE.18F-FDG炎症病灶摄取显像剂的量受血糖水平的影响较大的炎症显像剂是
哪种疾病的碱性磷酸酶染色积分值常为0
甲14周岁生日当天,其父乙带其到动物园玩耍。在动物园内,两人不断向猴子抛洒瓜子等食物。遭到管理员丙劝阻。二人即将随身携带的鞭炮点燃投向猴群,管理员无奈将二人交与安保人员丁。在丁劝阻不能的情况下,将二人赶出动物园。二人非常气愤,遂再次买票进入动物园内,故意抛
下列关于监护人变更的说法,错误的是()。
上市公司在资产负债表日后至财务报告批准报出日前发生的下列事项中,属于资产负债表日后调整事项的是()。
EDI(ElectronicDataInterchange,电子数据交换)是按照协议对具有一定结构特征的标准信息,经数据通信网络在计算机系统之间进行交换和自动处理,以【】的方式将结构化的信息按照协议将标准化文件通过计算机网络传送。
Studentscanchoosefromabouttenessaystitlesfortheirfirstassignment.
最新回复
(
0
)