首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Before a big exam, a sound night’s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. A
Before a big exam, a sound night’s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. A
admin
2013-02-16
24
问题
Before a big exam, a sound night’s sleep will do you more good than poring over textbooks. That, at least, is the folk wisdom. And science, in the form of behavioral psychology, supports that wisdom. But such behavioral studies cannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory. One says that sleep is when permanent memories form. The other says that they are actually formed during the day, but then "edited" at night, to flush away what is superfluous.
To tell the difference, it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person, and that is hard. But after a decade of painstaking work, a team led by Pierre Maquet at Liege University in Belgium has managed to do it. The particular stage of sleep in which the Belgian group is interested in is rapid eye movement(REM)sleep, when brain and body are active, heart rate and blood pressure increase, the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as if watching a movie, and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness. It is during this period of sleep that people are most likely to relive events of the previous day in dreams.
Dr. Maquet used an electronic device called PET to study the brains of people as they practiced a task during the day, and as they slept during the following night. The task required them to press a button as fast as possible, in response to a light coming on in one of six positions. As they learnt how to do this, their response times got faster. What they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a pattern—what is referred to as "artificial grammar". Yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was present than when there was not.
What is more, those with more to learn(i.e., the "grammar", as well as the mechanical task of pushing the button)have more active brains. The "editing" theory would not predict that, since the number of irrelevant stimuli would be the same in each case. And to eliminate any doubts that the experimental subjects were learning as opposed to unlearning, their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleep.
The team, therefore, concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep, particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt. So now, on the eve of that crucial test, maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the next day are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door.
The Belgian group reached the conclusion that______.
选项
A、the brain works more efficiently by knowing a set pattern of things
B、the second theory failed to cover all the brain response during sleep
C、REM sleep reactivates connections between the nerves and the memory
D、it’s beyond doubt that the subjects were learning in contrast to unlearning
答案
A
解析
细节题。根据文章最后一段第一句“The team,therefore,concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during REM sleep,particularly if the brain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt.”可知,这个团队得出结论:在快速眼动睡眠期间大脑重新激活与记忆有关的神经连接而使之增强,当大脑检测到所学的材料中的固有结构时尤其如此。故答案选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/B2mO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Thefolkartrubrichasalsobeenextendedtoincludeallmanneroftraditionalartisticproductions,eventheself-consciously
Valvularheartdiseasesarequitecommon,essentiallyresultinginimpairedbloodflowandwereverydifficulttotreat.Some30
Usingextremelydifferentdecoratingschemesinadjoiningroomsmayresultin_____andlackofunityinstyle.
Researchershavestudiedthepoorasindividuals,asfamiliesandhouseholds,asmembersofpoorcommunities,neighborhoodsand
Thehumanbraincontains10thousandmillioncellsandeachofthesemayhaveathousandconnections.Suchenormousnumbersused
Beforeshecouldshout"look______"totheoldman,hewasrunbyacarcoiningfromhisleft.
AtleastsincetheIndustrialRevolution,genderroleshavebeeninastateoftransition.Asaresult,culturalscriptsaboutm
TheagreementisoverseenbytheCommitteeonAgriculturewhichreviewsprogressintheimplementationofcommitments,andisre
Manydifferentmeaningshavebeengiventothewordpoetry.ItwouldwearymyreadersifIweretodiscusswhichofthesedefini
随机试题
男,20岁。低热、气促、腹胀14天。查体:心界向两侧扩大,心尖搏动点位于左侧心界侧,心音低钝,心脏各瓣膜区未闻及杂音。肝肋下3cm,胸部X线片提示:肺叶清晰,心增大。心电图:窦性心动过速,QRS波群低电压,广泛性T波低平。该患者最可能的诊断()
下列是治疗积滞乳食内积证的首选方剂是()
当地下连续墙作为主体地下结构外墙,且需要形成整体墙体时,地下连续墙的槽段接头宜采用()。
群众对领导干部的不满,不仅产生于领导的作为和业绩,而且很大程度上是由于对领导的期望值与实际表现之间的差距。因此,如果竞选一个大企业的领导,竞选者在竞选演说通过许愿来提高群众的期望值,是一种不聪明的做法。从以上议论可以推出以下哪项结论?()
统计表明,大多数医疗事故出在大医院,因此去小医院看病比较安全。以下哪项最能反驳上述论证?
A、 B、 C、 D、 C后一项减去前一项得到
请解释“中央银行是政府的银行(或者国家的银行)”。
测试管理人员使用______视图可以了解当前所有软件问题的处理状态。
卡车
BaekelandandHartmannreportthatthe"shortsleepers"hadbeenmoreorlessaverageintheirsleepneedsuntilthemenwerei
最新回复
(
0
)