首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
admin
2013-05-20
36
问题
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden
Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age
【1】______Mexico’s age structure is quite different from Sweden’s in 【1】______
that the former is like a【2】______with a wider base. In Sweden, the age 【2】______
structure is shaped like a rectangle, which results from a(n)【3】______ 【3】______
birth rate and low death rate in early and middle age. In Mexico, the
population is expanding rapidly. In Sweden, the population is stable in size
with a(n)【4】______distribution. 【4】______
The Effects of Different Age Structures:
--Age structures affects population growth:
a) A country with a larger percentage of people at the bottom of the
pyramid will have a【5】______population growth rate. 【5】______
b) a larger proportion of women of【6】______age results in a faster 【6】______
population growth.
--Age structure affects【7】______: 【7】______
1) a larger percentage of people of【8】______age means more wealth 【8】______
and higher standard of living.
2) a larger proportion of children is responsible for more expenditure
on【9】______to achieve the same standards. 【9】______
3) the【10】______rate is likely to be higher for jobs will have to be 【10】______
found for a larger number of graduates.
【10】
I want to talk today about the way in which a country’s population is structured into age groups. And in particular, I shall discuss two aspects of age structure--first, different age structures in different countries, and second, the effects of different age structures.
But first, what do I mean by this term "age structure"? Perhaps these graphs will help. They show the age structures of two countries--Mexico and Sweden. The left-hand side of each graph represents males, and the right-hand side represents females. The horizontal axis indicates the percentage of the population in different age groups. And the vertical axis indicates age. As you can see, Mexico’s age structure is very different from Sweden’s. Mexico’s is shaped like a pyramid, with a very wide base. In Mexico, large families are common; children’s death rates are also very much lower than they used to be, and so the result is a rapidly expanding population.
In Sweden, on the other hand, the age groups are much more evenly distributed. Sweden’s age structure shows a society that has been industrialized for a long time. A constant birth rate and a low death rate in early and middle age result in this almost rectangular shape that tapers off at the top as people die of old age. In other words, Sweden’s population is stable in size.
So much for age structures themselves. Now, what about the effects of different age structures? Well, we know that women have children when they are between the ages of about 15 and 45. And it is generally true that the larger the proportion of women of child-bearing age, the faster the population growth. Let’s consider two imaginary countries--Sunnary and Rainland. Both countries have 100,000 people. But as you can see from the age structures, in Sunnary there are 45,000 people between 15 and 45 in other words, about 22,500 women of child-bearing age. But in Rainland, there are 55,000 people between 15 and 45 about 27,500 women of child-bearing age. Suppose, in one year, one in every 10 women has a child, and one in every 10 people over 60 dies. We then have this situation., births in Sunnary are 2,250, compared with 2,750 in Rainland. Deaths in Sunnary are 1000 compared with 500 in Rainland. As a result, the population of Sunuary increases by 1,250. But Rainland’s population increases by 2,250. This situation will not go on forever, of course, because eventually there will by the same proportion of old people in both countries. But by that time, Rainland’s population will be much, much larger. The point I am making, then, is that age structure affects population growth: a country with a larger proportion of people at the bottom of the pyramid will have a higher population growth rate.
Age structure also has very important economic effects. I’ll mention just three effects as examples. In Mexico, the population between the ages of 15 and 64 makes up 54% of the total population. These 54% are the people able to work and se produce the country’s wealth and standard of living. But in Sweden this 15-64 age group comprises 67%. Yes, 67% of the population. So in Sweden, a larger proportion of the population are of working age.
A second economic effect of age structures is on education. We can see from the graph that Mexico has roughly double the proportion of children aged 5-14 that Sweden has. It’s clear that a country like Mexico, then, with a larger proportion of children, will have to spend a larger proportion of its national income on education--schools, teachers, books, etc.--to achieve the same educational standards.
And a third economic effect is that jobs will have to be found for these children when they leave school. This is more difficult for a country with a large proportion of children, se there is likely to be a higher unemployment rate.
I hope these examples, then, have illustrated what is meant by the term "age structure", and have shown some of the effects of different age structures.
选项
答案
unemployment
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BD4O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
Whichofthefollowingisdifferentfromtheothersintermsofwordformation?
ThepopulationofIrelandispredominantlyof______origin.
The"landofsong"refersto______.
______iscommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures(theirculturalperceptionsandsymbolsystemsaredistinctenough
Itistakenasagreatcontributionmadeby______thatlanguagesintheworldareclassifiedintodifferentlanguagefamiliesacc
"Lead(metal)"and"lead(dog’shead)"arespeltinthesameway,butpronounceddifferently.Thiskindofsenserelationis
Speech______referstoanydistinguishableformofspeechusedbyaspeaker.
ThemainmountainrangeinthewestofUSstretchingfromtheCanadianbordertoNewMexicois
随机试题
患者,女性,26岁。儿时曾患风湿热,妊娠前常有心悸、气短的症状,现妊娠32周,常于夜间坐起呼吸新鲜空气,休息时心率超过110次/分,步行100米即感呼吸困难。该患者最可能的诊断是
一平面简谐波沿x轴正向传播,已知P点(x0=L)的振动方程为y=ACOS(ωt+φ0),则波动方程为()。
周期为半个太阴日的潮汐叫半日潮。半日潮的特征:两次高潮(或低潮)的潮高相差不大,两次相邻的潮差几乎相等,两次相邻高潮(或低潮)之间的时间间隔()。
下列情况不宜安排路基雨季施工的有()。
(操作员:刘主管;账套:101账套;操作日期:2015年1月31日)1月30日,以银行存款110000元取得一项交易性金融资产,确定该资产的入账价值为110000元。
我国公民张先生为国内某企业高级技术人员,2014年3~12月收入情况如下:(1)每月取得工薪收入8400元。(2)3月转让2011年购买的三居室精装修房屋一套,售价230万元,转让过程中支付的相关税费13.8万元。该套房屋的购进价为100万元,购房过程
一般资料:求助者,男性,28岁,医院主治医师。案例介绍:求助者在大学时与同学谈恋爱,计划毕业后结婚。但毕业后女友出国留学,结婚的事就耽误了下来。四年来女友不断催促他出国,可他放不下自己在国内某著名医院的工作和发展机会,反而力劝女友回国发展,遂与女友
A.L1~2,椎间盘突出B.L2~3椎间盘突出C.L3~4椎间盘突出D.L4~5椎间盘突出E.L5~S1椎间盘突出导致趾及足跖屈力弱的椎间盘突出症是
目前国际上通行的“第八条款国”是指()。
Althoughthefirstyearisreallyimportantforlanguagedevelopmentinchildren,majorlearningcontinuesthroughoutachild’s
最新回复
(
0
)