首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age 【1】______Mexico
admin
2013-05-20
53
问题
Age Structures in Mexico and Sweden
Age structure refers to the percentage of the population in different age
【1】______Mexico’s age structure is quite different from Sweden’s in 【1】______
that the former is like a【2】______with a wider base. In Sweden, the age 【2】______
structure is shaped like a rectangle, which results from a(n)【3】______ 【3】______
birth rate and low death rate in early and middle age. In Mexico, the
population is expanding rapidly. In Sweden, the population is stable in size
with a(n)【4】______distribution. 【4】______
The Effects of Different Age Structures:
--Age structures affects population growth:
a) A country with a larger percentage of people at the bottom of the
pyramid will have a【5】______population growth rate. 【5】______
b) a larger proportion of women of【6】______age results in a faster 【6】______
population growth.
--Age structure affects【7】______: 【7】______
1) a larger percentage of people of【8】______age means more wealth 【8】______
and higher standard of living.
2) a larger proportion of children is responsible for more expenditure
on【9】______to achieve the same standards. 【9】______
3) the【10】______rate is likely to be higher for jobs will have to be 【10】______
found for a larger number of graduates.
【10】
I want to talk today about the way in which a country’s population is structured into age groups. And in particular, I shall discuss two aspects of age structure--first, different age structures in different countries, and second, the effects of different age structures.
But first, what do I mean by this term "age structure"? Perhaps these graphs will help. They show the age structures of two countries--Mexico and Sweden. The left-hand side of each graph represents males, and the right-hand side represents females. The horizontal axis indicates the percentage of the population in different age groups. And the vertical axis indicates age. As you can see, Mexico’s age structure is very different from Sweden’s. Mexico’s is shaped like a pyramid, with a very wide base. In Mexico, large families are common; children’s death rates are also very much lower than they used to be, and so the result is a rapidly expanding population.
In Sweden, on the other hand, the age groups are much more evenly distributed. Sweden’s age structure shows a society that has been industrialized for a long time. A constant birth rate and a low death rate in early and middle age result in this almost rectangular shape that tapers off at the top as people die of old age. In other words, Sweden’s population is stable in size.
So much for age structures themselves. Now, what about the effects of different age structures? Well, we know that women have children when they are between the ages of about 15 and 45. And it is generally true that the larger the proportion of women of child-bearing age, the faster the population growth. Let’s consider two imaginary countries--Sunnary and Rainland. Both countries have 100,000 people. But as you can see from the age structures, in Sunnary there are 45,000 people between 15 and 45 in other words, about 22,500 women of child-bearing age. But in Rainland, there are 55,000 people between 15 and 45 about 27,500 women of child-bearing age. Suppose, in one year, one in every 10 women has a child, and one in every 10 people over 60 dies. We then have this situation., births in Sunnary are 2,250, compared with 2,750 in Rainland. Deaths in Sunnary are 1000 compared with 500 in Rainland. As a result, the population of Sunuary increases by 1,250. But Rainland’s population increases by 2,250. This situation will not go on forever, of course, because eventually there will by the same proportion of old people in both countries. But by that time, Rainland’s population will be much, much larger. The point I am making, then, is that age structure affects population growth: a country with a larger proportion of people at the bottom of the pyramid will have a higher population growth rate.
Age structure also has very important economic effects. I’ll mention just three effects as examples. In Mexico, the population between the ages of 15 and 64 makes up 54% of the total population. These 54% are the people able to work and se produce the country’s wealth and standard of living. But in Sweden this 15-64 age group comprises 67%. Yes, 67% of the population. So in Sweden, a larger proportion of the population are of working age.
A second economic effect of age structures is on education. We can see from the graph that Mexico has roughly double the proportion of children aged 5-14 that Sweden has. It’s clear that a country like Mexico, then, with a larger proportion of children, will have to spend a larger proportion of its national income on education--schools, teachers, books, etc.--to achieve the same educational standards.
And a third economic effect is that jobs will have to be found for these children when they leave school. This is more difficult for a country with a large proportion of children, se there is likely to be a higher unemployment rate.
I hope these examples, then, have illustrated what is meant by the term "age structure", and have shown some of the effects of different age structures.
选项
答案
unemployment
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BD4O777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
MostAmericansare______fromdifferentcountries.
Thepopulationdecreasedfromthe1840suntilabout1970s,largelybecauseof______.
Aspeciallanguagevarietythatmixeslanguagesandisusedbyspeakersofdifferentlanguagesforpurposeoftradingiscalled_
Humanlinguisticabilitylargelydependsonthestructureanddynamicsof______.
"Theluckycountry"referstotheperiodundertheleadershipof______.
ThegeographicalstructureofAustraliaisgenerallydividedintothreetopographicalregions:
______iscommunicationbetweenpeoplefromdifferentcultures(theirculturalperceptionsandsymbolsystemsaredistinctenough
Inwordformation,theword"______"isdifferentfromtheotherthree.
______approachthesamelinguisticunitfromdifferentperspectives.
随机试题
二氧化碳气体保护焊________作用较强,不能焊接容易氧化的有色金属等材料。
根据中文提示,将对话中缺少的内容写在线上。这些句子必须符合英语表达习惯。打句号的地方,用陈述句;打问号的地方,用疑问句。提示:在一次Mary举行的生日晚会上,她的女朋友Linda见到了Mary的表弟Steve。她想结识他。Mary给他们做了介绍。
感染性心内膜炎不出现下列哪项体征()(1995年)
肝郁胁痛宜选用:阴虚胁痛宜选用:
1.女性,50岁,间断呕吐、腹泻2年,双下肢浮肿2个月来诊。曾就诊发现胸腔积液、贫血。2个月前尿中泡沫增多。查体:BP135/80mmHg,头发稀疏,双下肢重度浮肿。WBC1.9×109/L,Hb77g/L,PLT180×109/L。结果显示
下列是由局部刺激因素引起的牙周疾病,除了
组织工具是组织论的应用手段,用图或表等形式表示各种组织关系,它包括( )。
《证券公司信息隔离墙制度指引》中规定,证券公司应当制定(),明确跨墙的审批程序和跨墙人员的行为规范。
下列各句中没有语病的一句是()。
Bytheendofthisyear,Mr.Brown______(be)herefortwentyyears.
最新回复
(
0
)