首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Chinese Americans I . Early immigration A. the first group of Chinese immigrants —came to【T1】______【T1】______ —became the【T2】__
Chinese Americans I . Early immigration A. the first group of Chinese immigrants —came to【T1】______【T1】______ —became the【T2】__
admin
2018-04-10
32
问题
Chinese Americans
I . Early immigration
A. the first group of Chinese immigrants
—came to【T1】______【T1】______
—became the【T2】______ of their envious competitors【T2】______
—were prevented from working on their【T3】______【T3】______
—sought out other ways of【T4】______【T4】______
B. the second group of Chinese immigrants
—were imported to construct the first【T5】______ railroad【T5】______
—aroused strong【T6】______ after the railroad project was【T6】______
completed
—were called "heathen Chinese"
—reason: differences in appearance, language and【T7】______【T7】______
—anti-Chinese【T8】______ broke out in many cities【T8】______
—the Chinese Exclusion Act was passed to stop the【T9】______ of【T9】______
Chinese laborers
Ⅱ. During WWII
—China was an【T10】______ of the United States【T10】______
—a general【T11】______ of the immigration laws【T11】______
—more Chinese were permitted to settle in America
—Chinatowns have become great【T12】______ for tourists【T12】______
Ⅲ. Today’s Chinese Americans
—most are the【T13】______ of the early miners and railroad workers【T13】______
—many aspects of their ancient culture have been retained
—two other noteworthy characteristics:
—the high regard for education
—the【T14】______ to work hard to gain advancement【T14】______
—numerous【T15】______ are much appreciated【T15】______
【T6】
Chinese Americans
Good morning. We’ll continue with our introduction to American minorities. Today’s focus is on Chinese Americans. For many years it was common in the United States to associate Chinese Americans with restaurants and laundries. People did not realize that the Chinese had been driven into these occupations by prejudice and discrimination that used to face them in this country.
The first group of Chinese came during the California Gold Rush of 1849. (1) Like most of the other people, they had come to search for gold. In that largely unoccupied land, they staked a claim for themselves by placing markers in the ground. However, (2) either because the Chinese were so different from the others or because they worked so patiently that they sometimes succeeded in turning a seemingly worthless mining claim into a profitable one, they became the scapegoats of their envious competitors. They were harassed in many ways. (3) Often they were prevented from working on their claims; some localities even passed regulations forbidding them to own claims. (4) Therefore, these Chinese had to seek out other ways of earning a living. Some of them began to do the laundry for the white miners; others set up small restaurants. Some others went to work as farmhands or as fishermen.
In the early 1860s, a second group of Chinese arrived in California. (5) This time, they were imported as work crews to construct the first transcontinental railroad. The work was so strenuous and dangerous, and it was carried on in such a remote part of the country that the railroad company could not find other laborers for the job. As in the case of their predecessors, these Chinese were almost all males and they encountered a great deal of prejudice. (6) The hostility grew especially strong after the railroad project was completed, and the imported laborers returned to California, all out of work. Because there were so many more of them this time, these Chinese drew even more attention than the earlier group did. (7) They were so different in every aspect: in their physical appearance, in their language, and in their religion. They were contemptuously called "heathen Chinese".
When times were hard, they were blamed for working for lower wages and taking jobs away from white men. And these white men were actually recent immigrants themselves. (8) Anti-Chinese riots broke out in many cities, and some even developed into arson and bloodshed. The Chinese were not allowed to make legal appeals and they were not accepted as American citizens. Californians began to demand that no more Chinese be permitted to enter their state. (9) Finally, in 1882, the Congress passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which stopped the immigration of Chinese laborers. Many Chinese returned to their homeland, and their numbers declined sharply in the early part of this century.
(10) However, during WWII, when China was an ally of the United States, the exclusion laws were ended. A small number of Chinese were allowed to immigrate each year, and Chinese could become American citizens. (11) In 1965, in a general revision of American immigration laws, many more Chinese were permitted to settle here.
From the start, the Chinese had lived apart in their own separate neighborhoods, which came to be known as " Chinatowns ". In each of them the residents organized an unofficial government to make rules for the community and to settle disputes. Many people couldn’t find jods on the outside, so they went into business for themselves, primarily to serve their own neighborhood. As for laundries and restaurants, some of them soon spread in the city, since such services continued to be in demand among non-Chinese too. To this day, certain Chinatowns, especially those of San Francisco and New York, are busy, thriving communities. (12) They have become great attractions for tourists and for those who enjoy Chinese food.
(13) Most of today’s Chinese Americans are the descendants of some of the early miners and railroad workers. Those immigrants had been uneducated farm laborers in the vicinity of Canton in Southeast China before they came to America.
Even after having lived here for several generations, Chinese Americans retain many aspects of their ancient culture. For example, their family ties continue to be remarkably strong. Members of the family lend each other moral support and also practical help when necessary. From a very young age, children are taught with the old values and attitudes, including respect for their elders and a feeling of responsibility to the family. This helps to explain why there is so little juvenile delinquency among them.
(14) The high regard for education, and the willingness to work very hard to gain advancement, are two other noteworthy characteristics of them. These explain why so many descendants of uneducated laborers have succeeded in becoming doctors, lawyers and other professionals. By the way, many of the most outstanding Chinese American scholars, scientists, and artists are more recent arrivals. They come from China’s former upper class and represent its high cultural traditions.
Chinese Americans make up only a tiny fraction of the American population. They live chiefly in California, New York, and Hawaii. As American attitudes toward minorities and toward ethnic differences have changed in recent years, the long-hated Chinese have gained wide acceptance. Today, they are generally admired for many remarkable characteristics, and are often held up as an example worth following. (15) And their numerous contributions to their adopted land are much appreciated.
Now, we are coming to the end of our lecture. Today we’ve talked about what Chinese Americans have undergone since the California Gold Rush of 1849. Our focus for the next week will be on African Americans. Thank you for your attention.
选项
答案
hostility
解析
根据句(6)可知,铁路修建完成后,人们对来此工作的华人的敌意越来越强烈。因此答案为hostility。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BQoK777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
(1)PeterBenchley,65,theauthorandconservationistwhowroteJaws,theshark-attacknovelthatbecameaclassicmovieandpro
(1)ThejammedparkinglotoutsideMuirWoodsisproofthatthisstandofold-growthcoastredwoodsisapopularspot.Andit’se
PASSAGETHREEWhatmainlyaccountedfortheunemploymentinSeptember2005?
A、Becauseshewassavingup.B、Becauseshewaspregnant.C、Becauseherhusbandadvisedhertodoso.D、Becauseshefellillbeca
AudienceofWritingAudienceisaveryimportantconceptforwriting.Youneedtoanalyzeyouraudienceintermsofthefoll
A、Doafinancialcheckup.B、Readself-helpbooks.C、Doonlinebanking.D、Organizetheirdailyschedule.A录音中主持人说首先要谈一些关于财务检查(fin
(1)Thishasbeenquiteaweekforliterarycoups.Inanalmostentirelyunexpectedmove,theSwedishAcademyhavethislunchtim
A、Asocietywithoutregulations.B、Asocietywithoutscholars.C、Everybodycaresaboutthefuture.D、Everyonemakescontribution
A、Hemarriedageneralmanager.B、HeandNancyweretogether.C、HetalkedaboutholidaywithCindy.D、Helikesswimmingandsurf
TheInternetprovidesanamazingforumforthefreeexchangeofideas.Giventherelativelyafewrestrictionsgoverningaccess
随机试题
具有下列何种结构的生物碱碱性最强()。
根据我国相关规定,可以注销工程造价咨询企业资质的情形包括()。
国际工程投标报价过程中,对生产要素进行询价主要包括()。
在CAPM模型中,证券市场中的税收和交易费用不对投资者的投资选择造成扭曲,这,体现出CAPM模型的()假定。
由于凭证式国债采用“随买随卖”、利率按实际持有天数分档计付的交易方式,因此,在收款凭证中应注明的内容有()
将生命周期理论与波士顿矩阵结合,下列说法正确的有()。
(该题考查的知识点2016年教材已经删除)下列关于个人独资企解散清算时,企业债务清偿顺序的表述中,符合个人独资企业法律制度规定的是()。
客户在选择咨询机构时,会从多角度进行考察,以下因素都是客户考察的内容,其中客户最看重的是()。
若出现()现象时,应首先考虑计算机是否感染了病毒。
厂商的长期成本中有()。
最新回复
(
0
)