首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The central notion of social learning theories is that people learn attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors through social interaction
The central notion of social learning theories is that people learn attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors through social interaction
admin
2013-08-27
54
问题
The central notion of social learning theories is that people learn attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors through social interaction. The learning is a result of reinforcement, imitation, and modeling.
Reinforcement occurs when we receive direct or indirect rewards or punishments for particular gender role behaviors. For example, a little girl who puts on her mother’s makeup may be told that she is cute, but her brother who does the same thing will be scolded. Children also learn gender roles through indirect reinforcement. For example, if a little boy’s male friends are punished for crying, he will learn that "boys don’t cry."
Children also learn to behave as boys or girls through observation and imitation. Even when children are not directly rewarded or punished for "behaving like boys" or "behaving like girls," they learn about gender by watching who does what in their families. A father who is rarely at home because he’s always working sends the message that men are supposed to earn money. A mother who is always complaining about being overweight or old sends the message that women are supposed to be thin and young.
Because parents are emotionally important to their children, they are typically a child’s most powerful role models. Other role models include caregivers, teachers, friends, and celebrities. According to a multiethnic study of Los Angeles adolescents, teenagers who said that their role model was someone they knew, e. g. a parent, relative, friend, or doctor outside the family, had higher self-esteem, higher grades, and lower substance use than peers whose role models were sports figures, singers, or other media characters. The researchers concluded that role model selection can have a positive or negative outcome on a teenager’s psychosocial development.
Social learning theories contribute to our understanding of why we behave as we do, but much of the emphasis is on early socialization rather than on what occurs throughout life. Thus, these theories don’t explain why gender roles can change in adulthood or later life. Social learning theories also don’t explain why reinforcement and modeling work for some children but not others, especially those in the same family and even identical twins.
We learn from Paragraph 2 that reinforcement, whether direct or indirect, can help increase children’s awareness of______.
选项
答案
gender roles
解析
细节推断题。此处应填名词或名词词组作of的宾语。定位段指出,强化发生在我们由于特定的性别角色表现出来的行为而获得直接或间接的奖励或惩罚时。同时指出,孩子们也可以通过间接的强化来认识自己的性别角色,并分别举例说明。总结本段,通过强化可增强孩子的性别角色意识,故答案为gender roles。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Bf97777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
A、Theman’slastappointment.B、ProfessorIrwin’sofficehours.C、Studentadvertisementduringregistration.D、Theman’shealth
A、ToaskSusantogiveaspeechbeforesupper.B、TomeetSusaninthehallaftersupper.C、TocallSusanimmediatelyandtellhe
Manybelievethatmanisnotsolvingtheseproblemsofpollutionquicklyenough__________________(是只顾为了谋求私自。在充分认识到这种损害之后,却为时已晚)
A、Alittlegirl.B、Alittleboy.C、Asecretary.D、Adog.D选项表明,本题考查人物身份。由短文中提到butinfactAllanisadog可知,答案为[D]。
A、Buyit.B、Rentit.C、Borrowit.D、Makeit.B本题是细节题。从Youcanrenttheequipmentyouneed.It’smuchcheaper...可以得知租用设备是较为便宜的。
Peopleinsunny,outdoorsystates—Louisiana,Hawaii,Florida—saytheyarethehappiestAmericans,andresearchersthinktheykno
Peopleinsunny,outdoorsystates—Louisiana,Hawaii,Florida—saytheyarethehappiestAmericans,andresearchersthinktheykno
Manytheoriesconcerningthecausesofjuveniledelinquency(crimescommittedbyyoungpeople)focuseitherontheindividualor
Nappingisoneofthebest,mostunderusedtoolsforbusypeople.Itisfrowned【C1】______bymanypeopleandisviewingasso
A、Takethemedicineasshewasdirectedtodo.B、Scheduleanotherappointmentwithherdoctor.C、Stoptakingthemedicine.D、Res
随机试题
行政组织作为国家机器的重要组成部分,在本质上是一个()
A.河豚毒B.四乙胺C.阿托品D.箭毒选择性阻断Na+通道的物质是
当代中国法律渊源中最重要的部分是下列哪一选项?()
根据金融期货投资者适当性制度,关于综合评估中的投资经历,投资者应当提供近期加盖相关证券营业部机构业务专用章的()作为证券金融现货交易经历证明。[2015年3月真题]
下列属于财务顾问应当配合中国证监会工作的是()。Ⅰ.指定财务顾问主办人与中国证监会进行专业沟通,并按照中国证监会提出的反馈意见作出回复Ⅱ.按照中国证监会的要求对涉及本次并购重组活动的特定事项进行尽职调查或者核查Ⅲ.组织委托人及其他
随着雾霾天气长期大范围持续,空气净化器日益走进普通百姓家庭,售价看涨的走势成为该行业发展的催化剂,不考虑其他因素,能正确反映这种变动传导效应的是(注:D、S为变动前,D1、S1为变动后)()。
设连续函数f(x)满足,求f(x).
TheJapanesedesireformarriagehadbeenverystrong.Inthefifth"worldyouthattitudesurvey"【1】bytheManagementandCoordi
OnthemorningofSeptember11th,IboardedthetrainfromWashingtonHeightsinUpperManhattanjustasusualandwenttotheB
A、Animals’skins,jewelsandstone.B、Clay,paint,andcloth.C、Metals,animals’skinsandclay.D、Paint,clayandstone.D
最新回复
(
0
)