首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English. The Reading section of TOEFL iBT is divided into
This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English. The Reading section of TOEFL iBT is divided into
admin
2013-04-25
47
问题
This section measures your ability to understand academic passages in English. The Reading section of TOEFL iBT is divided into 2 or 3 separately timed, parts. Most questions in the Reading section are worth 1 point, but the last question for each passage is worth more than 1 point. The directions for the last question include the point value of the question.
Some passages will include a word or phrase that is underlined in blue. Click on the word or phrase to see its definition or an explanation.
Within each part, you can go on to the next question by clicking the Next icon. You may skip questions and go back to them later. If you want to go back to previous questions, click the Back icon. You may click the Review icon at any time and the review screen will show you which questions you have answered and which you have not. From the review screen, you can go directly to any question you have already seen in the Reading section.
You will now begin the Reading section. There is 1 passage for this part of the section, and you will have 20 minutes to read the passage and answer the questions.
Click Continue to go on.
Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is made of coral, a colorful rock-like substance actually composed of many small marine animals, each one less than half a centimeter in size. Coral grows in colonies that can reach over a meter and a half in height, and several of these colonies grow in close proximity to each other, eventually joining up to form an underwater chain or reef. The Great Barrier Reef refers to a series of almost three thousand coral reefs that stretch across the ocean floor in a twelve hundred mile chain, which makes it so long that it can actually be seen from space. Apart from its size, the Great Barrier Reef is also renowned for its age. The living part of the reef itself is around 8,000 years old, but sits atop the remains of dead coral that is much older, in some places almost half a million years old. A system of living organisms so anc ient and so large would be fascinating to scientists by the simple fact of its existence alone, but the Great Barrier Reef is also of great scientific interest because of the diversity of marine life that lives in its vicinity.
As stated above, the Great Barrier Reef is made of coral, but just as there are many different varieties of dogs, cats, and finches, there are many varieties of coral, over 500 of which are found in the Great Barrier Reef. The rocky formations of the reefs also provide shelter for a variety of smaller marine fish, and these in turn provide food for larger, more predatory fish. As a result, some scientists believe that the Reef is home to up to twenty-five percent of all marine fish species. However, this is only a rough estimate since so few of the Reef’s fish species have been documented. In addition, the Reef hosts a variety of sponges, anemones, sea turtles, sea snakes, sea birds, and whales. Marine biologists, therefore, value the Reef for what it can teach them about ocean ecology, while other scientists are eagerly investigating the practical applications of chemical compounds produced by the creatures of the Reef. Indeed, chemicals initially discovered in Reef organisms are already the basis for many potent new medicines, including some that help battle AIDS and various cancers.
Coral reefs in general, and the Great Barrier Reef in particular, have been considered so environmentally important that the governments that control the waters where they exist have designated vast tracts of ocean as environmentally protected areas. Nevertheless, the reefs form one giant, interconnected ecosystem, and human activities in unprotected areas of the reefs can affect the entire system. One such human activity is fishing.
(A) The rich biodiversity of the reefs attracts many predatory fish that in turn draw large numbers of fishing vessels.
(B) Unfortunately, many modern fishing techniques employ nets that catch not only the target species, but all fish too big to slip through the holes in the net.
(C) Besides fishing, the reefs face pressure from shipping and oil spills.
(D) Shipping can become a problem when freighters make mistakes in navigation and run into the reef,
shattering segments of it that have taken decades or even centuries to grow. Oil spills-- always damaging to the environment--have an especially devastating effect when they occur near the reefs because so many endangered species are affected.
The future of the Great Barrier Reef is uncertain. In addition to the environmental hazards outlined above, the Reef is under threat of global warming. Although coral consists of tiny, carnivorous animals, those animals do not get most of their nutrients from the organisms they catch. Instead, they enjoy a symbiotic relationship with a form of algae called zooxanthellae. These algae live off the nitrogen emitted by the coral. Like many other types of algae, zooxanthellae undergo photosynthesis, using energy from sunlight to create sugars that they can use for fuel. Some of those sugars are also absorbed by the coral that shelter the algae, providing the coral with the fuel it needs to live. However, these particular algae can only perform photosynthesis if the water around them is within a very narrow temperature range. If the temperature of the water in the ocean increases by too much, the algae cease to be able to carry out photosynthesis and are expelled by the coral, which then begins to starve to death. Because it is the presence of zooxanthellae that normally gives coral its rich color, coral that has expelled the algae becomes white, leading scientists to term this process "coral bleaching."
The word "term" in the passage is closest in meaning to
选项
A、express.
B、time.
C、stretch.
D、label.
答案
D
解析
词汇题 term用作动词,表示“叫做,称为”的意思。答案中与term的意思最接近的是label。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BgyO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage?Inboxesonyouranswersheet,writeTRUE
HowdesertsareformedA.Adesertreferstoabarrensectionofland,mainlyinaridandsemi-aridareas,wherethereisal
ReadingPassagehassevenparagraphs,A-G.Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.
ReadingPassagehassevenparagraphs,A-G.Choosethecorrectheadingforeachparagraphfromthelistofheadingsbelow.
Completetheflow-chartbelow.ChooseONLYONEWORDfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxesonyouranswer
Answerthequestionsbelow.ChooseNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSfromthepassageforeachanswer.Writeyouranswersinboxesonyou
Thestoryillustratesthatdogsare______animals.Thepeopleofthetownbuilta______ofadog.
Whichmemberormembersofthespeaker’sfamilyhavehealthproblems?Altogether,thenumberofpeopleinthespeaker’sholiday
Davidsaysthathethinksagapyearisunsuitablefor______.Thegraduateworkplacerequiresflexibilityand______.
Thingsthatseemexcitingandfascinatingcanlaterseem______accordingtoAliandJatinder.Forreligiouspeople,thestuden
随机试题
两涘渚崖之间,不辩牛马。涣:
变异型心绞痛是指( )。卧位型心绞痛是指( )。
中风之中脏腑与中经络的鉴别要点是
A.药物吸收B.药物分布C.药物代谢D.药物中毒E.药物排泄新生儿药动学特点对用药的影响肾小球的滤过率只有成人的30%~40%,即影响()。
女性,68岁,脑血管意外,经过抢救治疗,生命体征趋于平稳,但处于昏迷状态。护士交接班时发现病人骶尾部皮肤有2cm×3cm呈紫红色,并有小水疱。为防止褥疮进一步发展,护理措施正确的是
河口的基本水文特征有( )。
建设单位将工程验收的时间、地点以及验收组名单书面通知工程质量监督机构的时间,应当在工程竣工验收前()。
甲公司的资质等级为二级,而某工程项目需要一级资质的承包商承建,于是甲公司就借用了乙公司的资质证书,承揽了该工程,后来因工程质量不合格而给发包人造成了重大损失。则赔偿责任应当由()承担。
请以“让……大放异彩”为题,写一篇内容充实的文章。要求:(1)用恰当的文字替换“让……大放异彩”中的省略号部分,使之构成一个完整具体的文章标题。(2)主题应与“给定资料”相关,但素材不必拘泥于“给定资料”,要结合生活中的具体感受,切忌空谈对策。(3
一般认为,一个人80岁时和他在30岁时相比,理解和记忆能力都显著减退。最近的一项调查显示,80岁的老人和30岁的年轻人在玩麻将时所表现出的理解和记忆能力没有明显差别。因此,认为一个人到了80岁时理解和记忆能力会显著减退的看法是站不住脚的。以下哪项如果为真,
最新回复
(
0
)