首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Every society, beginning with some slight inclination in one direction or another, carries its preference farther and farther, i
Every society, beginning with some slight inclination in one direction or another, carries its preference farther and farther, i
admin
2013-01-25
50
问题
Every society, beginning with some slight inclination in one direction or another, carries its preference farther and farther, integrating itself more and more completely upon its chosen basis, and discarding those types of behavior that are uncongenial.
(1) Most of those organizations of personality that seem to us most uncontrovertibly abnormal have been used by different civilizations in the very foundations of their institutional life. Conversely the most valued traits of normal individuals have been looked on in differently organized cultures as aberrant. Normality, in short, within a very wide range, is culturally defined.
It is primarily a term for the socially elaborated segment of human behavior in any culture; and abnormality, is a term for the segment that particular civilization does not use.
(2) The very eyes with which we see the problem are conditioned by the long traditional habits of our own society.
It is a point that has been made more often in relation to ethics than in relation to psychiatry. We do not any longer make the mistake of deriving the morality of our locality and decade directly from the inevitable constitution of human nature. We do not elevate it to the dignity of a first principle. We recognize that morality differs in every society, and is a convenient term for socially approved habits, Mankind has always preferred to say, "it is morally good," rather than "it is habitual," and the fact of this preference is matter enough for a critical science of ethics. But historically the two phrases are synonymous.
The concept of the normal is properly a variant of the concept of the good. It is that which society has approved. A normal action is one which falls well within the limits of expected behavior for a particular society.
Its variability among different peoples is essentially a function of the variability of the behavior patterns that different societies have created for themselves, and can never be wholly divorced from a consideration of culturally institutionalized types of behavior.
(3) Each culture is a more or less elaborate working out of the potentialities of the segment it has chosen.
In so far as a civilization is well integrated and consistent within itself, it will tend to carry farther and farther, according to its nature, its initial impulse toward a particular type of action, and from the point of view of any other culture those elaborations may include more and more extreme and aberrant traits.
(4)
Each of these traits, in proportion as it reinforces the chosen behavior patterns of that culture, is for that culture, normal. Those individuals to whom it is congenial either congenitally, or as the reset of childhood sets, are accorded prestige in that culture, and are not visited with the social contempt or disapproval which their traits would call down upon them in a society that was differently organized.
On the other hand, those individuals whose characteristics are not congenial to the selected type of human behavior in that community are considered the deviants, no matter how valued their personality traits may be in a different civilization.
(5)
选项
答案
(正常)主要是一个用来形容任何文化中被社会化地阐释的那部分人类行为的术语;而不正常则是一个形容特定的文明中不被人们所采用的那部分行为的术语。
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Bh1O777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
Beforethemid-nineteenthcentury,peopleintheUnitedStateeatmostfoodsonlyinseason.Drying,smoking,andsaltingcould
Interracialmarriagesandrelationshipshavebecomeincreasinglyacceptedandencouragedbysociety.Sincethe1967legalization
Interracialmarriagesandrelationshipshavebecomeincreasinglyacceptedandencouragedbysociety.Sincethe1967legalization
Theoldcoupledecidedto_____aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildrenoftheirown.
TheUniversityintransformation,editedbyAustralianfuturistsSohailInayatullahandJenniferGidley,presentssome20highly
Salasisoneof13,000KingCountyemployeeswhowillbeaskedtoconfidentially____whetherthey’reoverweight,smokeorengage
Therelationshipbetweenformaleducationandeconomicgrowthinpoorcountriesiswidelymisunderstoodbyeconomistsandpoliti
Theintellectually_____enterpriseofsciencedependsonfreecommunication.
Ineconomics,demandimpliessomethingslightlydifferentfromthecommonmeaningoftheterm.Thelayman,forexample,oftenus
____theEuropeansbegantolearnhowtousethecompassontheirships.
随机试题
患儿女,5岁。尿频、尿急、尿痛5天,体温39.5℃,左肾区有叩击痛,尿常规蛋白(++),白细胞满视野,红细胞5~10个/HP。此时抗生素治疗方案应是
首次提出“组织理论”这一学科名称的是()
在某声音的数字化过程中,使用50kHz的取样频率、16位量化位数,则采集四声道的此声音一分钟所需要的存储空间约为_________。
Bionator功能矫治器的基托覆盖上颌的
下列属于海关对报关单位的现行管理规定的行为的有( )。
设备大修和重点修理后的验收标准是()。(T指精度指数。)
采取差别化战略的途径有()。
李老师能力强,威信高,善于与学生交流,经常倾听学生对于开展教学的意见,班上的学生学习积极性很高,兴趣广泛,和老师配合默契,这种师生关系属于()。
关于考古学中的文明标准的表述中,正确的一项是下列哪项不是文明标准
条件充分性判断:A.条件(1)充分,但条件(2)不充分B.条件(2)充分,但条件(1)不充分C.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,但条件(1)和(2)联合起来充分D.条件(1)充分,条件(2)也充分E.条件(1)和(2)单独都不充分,条件(1)和(
最新回复
(
0
)