首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
admin
2016-03-10
64
问题
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistakenly)think that being "intelligent" meant being good at things that other well-educated academic researchers struggled at, like playing chess. We now know, however, that it’s far harder to get robots to do things that come naturally to us(like identify objects and pick them up)than it is to get them to prove logical theorems(定理)or find patterns in huge volumes of data—things we humans struggle at. This and other counter-intuitive trends in AI and research on the nature of human intelligence have discouraged researchers from trying to predict which jobs will be automated, but a provocative new study by Carl Frey and Michael Osborne at Oxford University tries to do just that, and their findings are alarming.
In "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?", Frey and Osborne estimate that 47 percent of U. S. jobs are at risk of being automated in the next 20 years. This does not mean that they necessarily will be automated(despite the way the study has been portrayed in some media outlets)—rather, the authors argue, it is plausible over the next two decades that existing and foreseeable AI technologies could be used to cost-effectively automate those jobs out of existence. Machines may not(and probably won’t)do the jobs the same way as people, however—just remember the last time you used an automated check-out system at a grocery store. There’s a difference between machines doing something cheaply and doing it well. Frey and Osborne took into account the possibility of such "task simplification" in their analysis.
Which jobs are most at risk? According to "The Jetsons", we should expect robots to clean our houses and do other working-class occupations that educated elites have historically looked down upon as "unskilled". But anyone who has done such a job, or has watched an episode of "Undercover Boss" and seen highly-paid CEOs fumble while trying to carry out the demanding minimum wage jobs usually performed by their underlings(下属), knows that there is no such thing as unskilled labor anymore(if there ever was), especially if you are comparing humans and machines in the same breath. The gap between humans and current AI is vastly greater than the differences between humans.
Frey and Osborne focus on "engineering bottlenecks" in AI and robotics, and compare these stumbling points with the requirements of jobs in order to determine which are most and least likely to be vulnerable to automation. The biggest bottlenecks are perception and manipulation, creative intelligence, and social intelligence, all of which computers struggle mightily at(but Rosie the Robot excelled at, by the way). While the trend in recent decades has been towards a hollowing out of "middle-skill" jobs and an increase in low-paying service sector jobs and high-paying, highly educated jobs, Frey and Osborne expect that automation in the future will mainly substitute for "low-skill and low-wage" jobs.
Frey and Osborne are most likely to agree that______.
选项
A、machines cannot do the jobs cheaply and do it well at the same time
B、more than half of the jobs in America are likely to be automated in the future
C、the automated check-out system at a grocery store tends to be quite effective
D、the artificial technology will be used to automate the jobs more efficiently
答案
A
解析
细节题。第二段第四句指出,让机器廉价地完成某些工作与让其高水准地完成工作之间是有差别的。[A]“机器不能同时兼顾廉价与高水准”,与文意相符,为正确选项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BhPK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
WhichofthefollowingitalicizedpartsisNOTanattributiveclause?
ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.【C1】______,ithasbeensaidtha
ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.【C1】______,ithasbeensaidtha
Allofthetechnologicaladvancesthathaveincreasedthequalityofmusichavenotchangedthefundamentalimpactofrecordedm
Allofthetechnologicaladvancesthathaveincreasedthequalityofmusichavenotchangedthefundamentalimpactofrecordedm
IfirstmetAntigonewhenIwasnine.Shejusthungthereonthewall.Hertaskwastoburyherdeadbrother:minewastodusth
IfirstmetAntigonewhenIwasnine.Shejusthungthereonthewall.Hertaskwastoburyherdeadbrother:minewastodusth
Todayinmind-bendinglycoolstuffthatnanoparticles(纳米粒子)cando:AteamofresearchersatRiceUniversityinTexashasdemonst
Theprocessofthedevelopmentofmodernizationcanbemeasuredbythelevelofpeople’sliving.Theunderlinedpartmeans______
I’llnotifyyouassoonasIhaveanyfurtherinformation.Theunderlinedpartmeans______.
随机试题
简述电子商务对企业运作的影响。
2002年11月起,在我国部分地区发生的传染性非典型肺炎(SARS),其病原类型为
关于性格的说法不正确的是
A.水平型骨吸收B.垂直型骨吸收C.凹坑状吸收D.反波浪形骨吸收E.弧形骨吸收牙槽间隔的骨嵴顶吸收
A.发热、高血压、急性结膜炎B.呃逆、荨麻疹、皮肤瘙痒症C.胃肠痉挛、心绞痛、胆绞痛D.腹泻、痛经、失眠E.盆腔炎、附件炎、痛经耳穴“交感”的主治病证是
A.线剂B.糕剂C.丹剂D.锭剂E.条剂将药物细粉或药膏黏附在桑皮纸捻成的细条上的一种外用剂型是指()。
贮气囊的作用不包括下列哪项?()
以下关于改扩建项目财务分析的说法中正确的是()。
“会计电算化”一词起源于20世纪80年代初。()
A、Goforacupofcoffee.B、Haveawalkinthepark.C、Takesomephotosonthestage.D、Takepartintheparty.D
最新回复
(
0
)