首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistak
admin
2016-03-10
66
问题
In the early days of artificial intelligence research, it was commonplace for the well-educated academics in the field to(mistakenly)think that being "intelligent" meant being good at things that other well-educated academic researchers struggled at, like playing chess. We now know, however, that it’s far harder to get robots to do things that come naturally to us(like identify objects and pick them up)than it is to get them to prove logical theorems(定理)or find patterns in huge volumes of data—things we humans struggle at. This and other counter-intuitive trends in AI and research on the nature of human intelligence have discouraged researchers from trying to predict which jobs will be automated, but a provocative new study by Carl Frey and Michael Osborne at Oxford University tries to do just that, and their findings are alarming.
In "The Future of Employment: How Susceptible Are Jobs to Computerisation?", Frey and Osborne estimate that 47 percent of U. S. jobs are at risk of being automated in the next 20 years. This does not mean that they necessarily will be automated(despite the way the study has been portrayed in some media outlets)—rather, the authors argue, it is plausible over the next two decades that existing and foreseeable AI technologies could be used to cost-effectively automate those jobs out of existence. Machines may not(and probably won’t)do the jobs the same way as people, however—just remember the last time you used an automated check-out system at a grocery store. There’s a difference between machines doing something cheaply and doing it well. Frey and Osborne took into account the possibility of such "task simplification" in their analysis.
Which jobs are most at risk? According to "The Jetsons", we should expect robots to clean our houses and do other working-class occupations that educated elites have historically looked down upon as "unskilled". But anyone who has done such a job, or has watched an episode of "Undercover Boss" and seen highly-paid CEOs fumble while trying to carry out the demanding minimum wage jobs usually performed by their underlings(下属), knows that there is no such thing as unskilled labor anymore(if there ever was), especially if you are comparing humans and machines in the same breath. The gap between humans and current AI is vastly greater than the differences between humans.
Frey and Osborne focus on "engineering bottlenecks" in AI and robotics, and compare these stumbling points with the requirements of jobs in order to determine which are most and least likely to be vulnerable to automation. The biggest bottlenecks are perception and manipulation, creative intelligence, and social intelligence, all of which computers struggle mightily at(but Rosie the Robot excelled at, by the way). While the trend in recent decades has been towards a hollowing out of "middle-skill" jobs and an increase in low-paying service sector jobs and high-paying, highly educated jobs, Frey and Osborne expect that automation in the future will mainly substitute for "low-skill and low-wage" jobs.
Frey and Osborne are most likely to agree that______.
选项
A、machines cannot do the jobs cheaply and do it well at the same time
B、more than half of the jobs in America are likely to be automated in the future
C、the automated check-out system at a grocery store tends to be quite effective
D、the artificial technology will be used to automate the jobs more efficiently
答案
A
解析
细节题。第二段第四句指出,让机器廉价地完成某些工作与让其高水准地完成工作之间是有差别的。[A]“机器不能同时兼顾廉价与高水准”,与文意相符,为正确选项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/BhPK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.【C1】______,ithasbeensaidtha
ItiscommonlybelievedintheUnitedStatesthatschooliswherepeoplegotogetaneducation.【C1】______,ithasbeensaidtha
In"Pleaseshowmethepictureyoudrewjustnow","me"isthe______ofthesentence.
TheauthorsoftheUnitedStatesConstitutionattemptedtoestablishaneffectivenationalgovernmentwhilepreserving______fo
Writeanoteofabout50-60wordsbasedonthefollowingsituation:Youhavegotintroubleinyourcomputerinstallment.Wr
IfirstmetAntigonewhenIwasnine.Shejusthungthereonthewall.Hertaskwastoburyherdeadbrother:minewastodusth
Takingondebtisoneofthemostimportanteconomicdecisionsapersoncanmake.Borrowingtoinvestineducationcanyieldal
Someforeigners’boldremarksagainsttheauthoritiesraisedeveryone’seyebrows.Theunderlinedpartmeans______.
Atthebankthedaybeforeyesterday,Iwasstandinginaline______aroundsomeloosevelvetropeswhenamanstartedpushingme
随机试题
应用整体高温回火法和(),在降低残余应力的同时还可以改善焊接接头的性能,提高塑性。
何项为羊水过多孕足月时正常羊水量约为
A、刃状边缘B、斜面边缘C、凹槽形边缘D、肩台形边缘E、带斜面肩台形边缘全瓷冠一般为
某公司签发一张汇票给个体户张三支付货款,汇票上记载付款人为该公司自己,金额为10万元。张三将汇票赠与其弟张四操办婚事。张四向该公司要求付款,该公司因张三没有依照合同提供货物为由拒绝付款。张四遂向人民法院起诉。法院应当如何处理?
根据《评标委员会和评标方法暂行规定》的规定,投标文件评审包括()。
监理机构应当采取( )等组织措施,以便与其他方面的措施相配套,对项目目标实施有效控制。
Fumigationorderedbecauseofillnessofthecrewundertimecharteringshallbeforcharterer’saccount.()
期货从业人员为了个人或投资者的不当利益而严重损害国家利益、所在期货经营机构或者他人的合法权益,情节严重的,由协会撤销其期货从业人员资格并在( )拒绝受理从业人员资格申请。
担保证券涉及收购情形时,客户可以通过信用证券账户申报预受要约。()
阅读短文,完成91—95题。海啸是海底地壳突然起伏引起的海浪。只要海底发生断层位移,就会造成海水运动,产生一连串的海浪,并能以每小时800公里以上的速度横穿整个大洋。它在横扫海洋时还可以获得更大的威力,因此经常会在离[]非常远的地方造成灾难
最新回复
(
0
)