Technological invention has directly or indirectly produced social change in every period of history. The invention of the horse

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问题     Technological invention has directly or indirectly produced social change in every period of history. The invention of the horse collar in the Middle Ages was a 【B1】______ technological advance for agriculture; the 【B2】______ for use at  sea so 【B3】______ navigation in the fifteenth century that it led in the age of 【B4】______; and the steam  engine was an 【B5】______ factor in the industrialization of Europe in the nineteenth  century.
    A discovery is another kind of technological 【B6】______. While inventions add something new to a culture, discoveries 【B7】______ our knowledge of something that already exists. Gravity had always been there, but Newton "discovered" it: he 【B8】______ how this natural from worked and how its laws applied to falling bodies. This knowledge made possible many new inventions. 【B9】____________.
    Since each invention makes more inventions possible, the speed of technological development tends to accelerate. Benjamin Franklin experimented with electricity in the eighteenth century, 【B10】____________. In the hundred years since Edison invented the light bulb, the discovery of electricity has led to tens of thousands of inventions, from the internal burning engine to the computer. 【B11】____________ pose some of the greatest challenges of our time.

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