首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
考研
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplast
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplast
admin
2019-09-30
41
问题
Neuroscientists have long understood that the brain can rewire itself in response to experience—a phenomenon known as neuroplasticity. But until recently, they didn’t know what causes gray matter to become plastic, to begin changing. Breakthrough research by a team at MIT’s Picower Institute for Learning and Memory has documented one type of environmental feedback that triggers plasticity: success. Equally important and somewhat surprising: Its opposite, failure, has no impact.
Earl Miller, the lead researcher on the study, says understanding the link to environmental feedback is crucial to improving how people teach and motivate because it’s a big part of how we learn. But we absorb more from success than from failure, according to the study.
Miller’s researchers gave monkeys a simple learning task: They presented one of two pictures. If it was Picture A, the monkeys were supposed to look to the left; if Picture B, to the right. When the monkeys looked in the correct direction, they were rewarded with a drop of juice. All the while the team recorded brain function.
"Neurons(cells specialized to conduct nerve impulses)in the prefrontal cortex and striatum, where the brain tracks success and failure, sharpened their tuning after success," says Miller. What’s more, those changes lingered for several seconds, making brain activity more efficient the next time the monkey did the task. Thereafter, each success was processed more efficiently. That is, the monkey had learned. "But after failure," Miller points out, "there was little change in brain activity." In other words, the brain didn’t store any information about what went wrong and use it the next time. The monkey just tried, tried again.
Miller says this means that on a neurological level, success is actually a lot more informative than failure. If you get a reward, the brain remembers what it did right. But with failure(unless there is a clear negative consequence, like the shock a child feels when she sticks something in an electrical outlet), the brain isn’t sure what to store, so it doesn’t change at all.
Does this research confirm the management tenet of focusing on your—and your team’s—strengths and successes? Miller cautions against making too tidy a connection between his findings and an environment like the workplace, but he offers this suggestion: "Maybe the lesson is to know that the brain will learn from success, and you don’t need to dwell on that. You need to pay more attention to failures and challenge why you fail."
In the last paragraph, Miller suggests that we should
选项
A、apply his findings to the workplace.
B、be cautious while pursuing success.
C、not think about the satisfaction of success.
D、strive to learn from failures as well.
答案
D
解析
观点态度题。根据题干定位到最后一段。由最后一句话可知Miller建议大家要更加关注失败并找出原因,也就是汲取失败的教训,故选D项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Bqe4777K
0
考研英语二
相关试题推荐
Theprofessor’slecturewasso______thatsomeofthestudentsfellasleepduringtheclass.
Thegovernment______aheavytaxontobacco,whicharousedoppositionfromthetobaccoindustry.
Pricesarcsky-high,withprofitstomatch.Butlookingfurtherahead,theindustryfaceswrenchingchange,saysanexpertofen
In2010,afederaljudgeshookAmerica’sbiotechindustrytoitscore.CompanieshadwonpatentsforisolatedDNAfordecades--b
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorn
Thequestioningoftheroleofthepubliegalleryisnotanewphenomenon.Itissomethingthathasbeenarguedoversinceitsv
Thequestioningoftheroleofthepubliegalleryisnotanewphenomenon.Itissomethingthathasbeenarguedoversinceitsv
随机试题
终止室性心动过速的发作,首先应用的药物为
雄性动物腹腔内有成对的器官,如肾、肾上腺、睾丸和输精管等,也有不成对的器官,如消化管、肝、脾等。器官的不同腹主动脉(主动脉腹部)发出的分支也不一样。不成对的动脉有
经海关核准可予办理退税手续的情况有:
在资本有限量的情况下,最佳投资方案必然是()。
ThemaincauseofHIV/AIDSinfectioninChinaisdrugabuse,______isveryseriousinYunnan.
根据资料,回答以下问题。2011年该省机电产品贸易顺差为()亿美元。
经济发展是城镇建设用地大量扩张最根本、最直接的原因。经济发展水平越高.城市完善基础设施的能力越强,就越能够吸引更多的企业和人口,从而加快土地利用结构转化速度。近20年来.S市区建设用地扩张了近1倍,主要是由于城市经济发展带来的增加建设用地的需要.这足以证明
董仲舒(南京大学2011年中国古代史复试真题)
下列文物中,属于唐代的是()。
It’sanindustrybuiltpurely【C1】______image,buttheactors,actressesandsingerswhoturntoitforhelpliketokeepita
最新回复
(
0
)