首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of EI Nino—the warm ocean current that peri
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of EI Nino—the warm ocean current that peri
admin
2015-01-31
60
问题
The recent, apparently successful prediction by mathematical models of an appearance of EI Nino—the warm ocean current that periodically develops along the Pacific coast of South America—has excited researchers. Jacob Bjerknes pointed out over 20 years ago how winds might create either abnormally warm or abnormally cold water in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Nonetheless, until the development of the models no one could explain why conditions should regularly shift from one to the other, as happens in the periodic oscillations between appearances of the warm EI Nino and the cold so-called anti-El Nino. The answer, at least if the current model that links the behavior of the ocean to that of the atmosphere is correct, is to be found in the ocean.
It has long been known that during an El Nino, two conditions exist: unusually warm water extends along the eastern Pacific, principally along the coasts of Ecuador and Peru, and winds blow from the west into the warmer air rising over the warm water in the east. These winds tend to create a feedback mechanism by driving the warmer surface water into a "pile" that blocks the normal upwelling of deeper, cold water in the east and further warms the eastern water, thus strengthening the wind still more. The contribution of the model is to show that the winds of an El Nino, which raise sea level in the cast, simultaneously send a signal to the west lowering sea level. According to the model, that signal is generated as a negative Rossby wave, a wave of depressed, or negative, sea level, mat moves westward parallel to the equator at 25 to 85 kilometers per day. Taking months to traverse the Pacific, Rossby waves march to the western boundary of the Pacific basin, which is modeled as a smooth wall but in reality consists of quite irregular island chains, such as, the Philippines and Indonesia.
When the waves meet the western boundary, they are reflected, and the model predicts that Rossby waves will be broken into numerous coastal Kelvin waves carrying the same negative sea-level signal. These eventually shoot toward the equator, and then head eastward along the equator propelled by the rotation of the Earth at a speed of about 250 kilometers per day. When enough Kelvin waves of sufficient amplitude arrive from the western Pacific, their negative sea-level signal overcomes the feedback mechanism tending to raise the sea level, and they begin to drive the system into the opposite cold mode. This produces a gradual shift in winds, one that will eventually send positive sea-level Rossby waves westward, waves that will eventually return as cold cycle-ending positive Kelvin waves, beginning another warming cycle.
The primary purpose of the text as a whole is to______.
选项
A、introduce a new explanation of physical phenomenon
B、explain the difference between two natural phenomena
C、illustrate the limits of applying mathematics to complex problems
D、clarify the distinction between an old explanation and a new model
答案
A
解析
主旨题。回顾全文。第一段提到了利用数学模式对厄尔尼诺现象的发生进行的预测,接着介绍了该模式的重要性,第二、三段具体介绍了该模式的观点。这说明,本文主要是在介绍对厄尔尼诺现象的一种新解释。所以答案选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/Bth7777K
0
大学英语六级
相关试题推荐
Thingshavechangedinyourlife.Mostnotably,youarenolongeremployed.Perhapsyou’vebeen【B1】______yourformerworkplace.
Lowlevelsofliteracyandnumeracyhaveadamagingimpactonalmosteveryaspectofadultlife,accordingtoasurveypublished
TheAmericanwarondrugshasgottenallthetypesinrecentyears,butalcoholismisstillthenation’smostseriousaddiction.
DoestheWorldFaceaFutureofWaterWars?[A]Throughouthistory,peoplehavefoughtbitterwarsoverpoliticalideology,natio
EachyearUniversum,aSwedishconsultingfirm,asksAmericanMBAstudentswheretheywouldmostliketowork.The2007surveys
ACoolerPlanet[A]Scientistsarecookingupsolutionsbasedoncurrenttechnologythattheysaycoulddramaticallyturndownth
Theevolutionofsexratioshasproduced,inmostplantsandanimalswithseparatesexes,approximatelyequalnumberofmalesan
早在二千五百多年前的春秋时代(theSpringandAutumnPeriod),中国就已经用土圭(sundial)观测太阳的活动,测定出了冬至(thepointofwinterSolstice),它是二十四节气中最早制订出的一个。这一天是
A、Swedish.B、Portuguese.C、Chinese.D、Thai.A细节题。根据短文中TherearelinkstomaterialstranslatedintoSpanish,Portuguese,Chinesean
PresidentBarackObama’spicktoheadtheEnvironmentalProtectionAgency(EPA),LisaJackson,hasspent20yearsasanenvironme
随机试题
链球菌的培养条件要求不高,在普通培养基上生长良好。
Itisdifficulttoimaginewhatlifewouldbelikewithoutmemory.Themeaningsofthousandsofeverydayperceptions,thebasis
下列哪些行为违反了律师执业行为规范?
根据国际通行的标准,负债率的警戒线是()。
作家张某任职于国内某软件公司,2017年取得的收入如下:(1)2月将其摄影作品出版获得稿酬5000元,7月份该摄影作品再版获得稿酬3000元。(2)3月出版短篇小说,取得稿酬7000元,8月取得因添加印数而追加稿酬2500元。
可保留有机体的组织原状的成土过程是()。
在无功电源并不缺乏的电力系统中,关于是否需要增加无功补偿装置,下列说法正确的是()。
文具行业以其覆盖面广、技术含量低、进人门槛极低、投资少见效快、市场需求大等因素吸引许多中小企业纷纷投资,但有些企业为了单纯扩大________,采取降价策略,屡屡造成国际贸易________,这些问题亟须引起有关部门重视并加以调控。依次填入划横线部分最恰当
TheyweretheMacbethsofinformationtechnology:awickedcouplewhoseizedpowerandabuseditinbloodyandgreedyways.But
Cholesterol(胆因醇)andHeartDiseaseDoyouknowyourcholesterollevel?Manypeopledon’t.Ahighlevelofcholesterolint
最新回复
(
0
)