首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Hudson River School The Hudson River School encompasses two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic
Hudson River School The Hudson River School encompasses two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic
admin
2013-08-12
19
问题
Hudson River School
The Hudson River School
encompasses
two generations of painters inspired by Thomas Cole’s awesomely Romantic images of America’s wilderness in the Hudson River Valley and also in the newly opened West. The Hudson River painters, the first coherent school of American art, helped to shape the themes of the American landscape. Beginning with the works of Thomas Cole(1801— 1848)and Asher B. Durand(1796- 1886)and evolving into the Luminist and late Romantic schools, landscape painting was the prevalent genre of 19th century American art.
With roots in European Romanticism and with correspondences to European painters, the Hudson River painters, nonetheless, set about to heed Emerson’s call "to ignore the courtly Muses of Europe" and define a distinct vision for American art. The artists translated these ideas into an aesthetic that was sweeping and spontaneous. Like the vast nation that lay before them, which they celebrated with a sense of awe for its majestic natural resources and a feeling of optimism for the huge potential it held, the Hudson River painters depicted a New World wilderness in which man, though minuscule as he was beside the vastness of creation, nevertheless retained that divine spark that completed the circle of harmony. Wilderness was something that Europe no longer possessed -it was uniquely American. These artists painted grandiose and detailed scenery of the Hudson Valley and New England filled with awe and optimism often combined with a moral message.
As Thomas Cole maintained, if nature were untouched by the hand of man—as was much of the primeval American landscape in the early 19th century- then man could become more easily acquainted with the hand of God. Sharing the philosophy of the American Transcendentalists that painting should become a vehicle through which the universal mind could reach the mind of mankind, the Hudson River painters believed art to be an agent of moral and spiritual transformation.
The impetus to celebrate the glories of the Hudson Valley began before Thomas Cole, but it was Cole with his literary and dramatic instincts and his years of European study who made the most coherent and articulated case for a new art for a new land. He did much to revolutionize not only the styles and themes of American painting, but the methods. Cole sketched from nature, frequently dramatic scenes in the Catskills or White Mountains, and then returned to his studio to compose his large scale canvasses, alive with tactile brushwork and atmospheric lighting that seemed to breathe.
The influence of the Hudson River School was carried into the mid-19th century by artists like John Frederick Kensett and Martin Johnson Heade, who came to be known as Luminists because of their experiments with the effects of light on water and sky, and by Frederic Edwin Church. Church, who based himself in his panoramic home in the Catskills at Olana, sought more extensive horizons for his canvasses. Like Walt Whitman he tried to contain multitudes. He traveled the globe, painting scenery from the Hudson Valley to the American West to the Andes, Amazon, and Arctic, and he laid the foundation for the post-Civil War generation of landscape painters.
A painting which has become a virtual
emblem
for the Hudson River School is KINDRED SPIRITS by Asher B. Durand, which hangs in New York City’s Public Library. In it Durand depicts himself, together with Cole, on a rocky promontory in serene contemplation of the scene before them: the gorge with its running stream, the gossamer Catskill mists shimmering in a palette of subtle colors, framed by foliage.(A)
In the foreground stands one of the school’s famous symbols—a broken tree stump—what Cole called a "memento mori" or reminder that life is fragile and impermanent;(B)
only Nature and the Divine within the Human Soul are eternal.(C)
As Cole and Durand firmly believed, if the American landscape was a new Garden of Eden, then it was they, as artists, who kept the keys of entry.(D)
The word
It
in Paragraph 2 refers to______.
选项
A、the nation
B、the artist
C、awe
D、optimism
答案
A
解析
本题为指代关系题,考查考生是否具备认定代词与篇章中其他词语之间的指代关系的能力。题目问:第二段中的it指代的是什么?It与此句中的its所指代的是同一个词,即句中的nation一词,因此选择A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/C1fO777K
0
托福(TOEFL)
相关试题推荐
Labelthemapbelow.WritethecorrectletterA-lnexttoQuestions18-20.OldOxfordSchool______...
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
Completethenotesbelow.WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.DRIVINGSCHOOLExampleAnswerLookingfordrivingless
随机试题
Forourhomeworktonight,wehavetowritea______(describe)ofthestreetwherewelive.
便血,血色鲜红,不与粪便混合,仅黏附于粪便表面
全口义齿摘戴时疼痛,定位明确,戴入后无明显不适。其原因是
施工专业分包合同示范文本中,工程承包人的义务包括()。
天价粽子人为添加鲍鱼、海参、扇贝等昂贵成分,甚至在礼盒中配售其他商品而令粽子价格暴涨,从而让好好的端午节变了味道,这是对节日的亵渎,更是国人________消费心理在作怪。 填入画横线部分最恰当的一项是:
( ),是指人民检察院通过行使检察权依法对公安机关及其人民警察遵守和执行法律的情况进行的法律监督。
对行为、场所的强制措施包括()。
协商民主是指凡涉及群众切身利益及经济社会发展重大问题时,需在全社会开展广泛协商,坚持协商于决策之前和决策实施之中。从参政协商到立法协商,从市民论坛到电视问政,从价格听证到专家咨询,协商民主的形式日益丰富。发展协商民主()。
下列关于果酒、果醋、泡菜等的制作,叙述正确的一项是()。
软件设计中划分模块的一个准则是( )。
最新回复
(
0
)