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  3. Doctors have long known that lung cancer,which kills 160,000 Americans each year,takes a heavier toll among black Americans,part

Doctors have long known that lung cancer,which kills 160,000 Americans each year,takes a heavier toll among black Americans,part

admin2013-11-29  74
问题     Doctors have long known that lung cancer,which kills 160,000 Americans each year,takes a heavier toll among black Americans,particularly black men,than among whites. 71 It also has to do with differences in income and access to medical care. But there has always been a lingering suspicion that some of the gap might be due to either overt or subconscious discrimination. A study in last week’s New England Journal of Medicine appears to support that disturbing conclusion.
    72 Even so,about 20% of lung-cancer patients are found to have a tumor whose biological characteristics and small size give them a good chance of being cured if the malignant growth is surgically removed.
    Researchers at the Memorial Sloan, Kettering Cancer Center in New York City looked at data from more than 10,000 white and black Medicare patients whose tumors were found early enough to make them candidates for surgery. About 77% of the white patients underwent the procedure,compared with 64% of blacks. The difference was sufficiently large to reduce the overall survival rate for black patients to 26% after five years,compared with 34%for whites. 73 "People are dying needlessly, "says Dr. Peter Bach of Memorial Sloan-Kettering.who led the study. He suspects "some combination of the procedure not being offered or pushed by doctors, and patients not accepting it."
    74 So getting the word out that there is a proven treatment could help close the gap. It’s also vital for doctors and patients to make sure they understand each other.
    Better communication will be even more important as treatments become more complex. Currently there’s no screening test for finding lung cancer early. (Chest X rays almost always catch it too late.)But Dr. Claudia Henschke of the Weill Medical College at Cornell University and her colleagues believe they have found a way to identify very small tumors with low-dose CAT scans. 75 .
A. Unlike other cancers,lung cancer is extremely hard to detect in its earliest,most treatable stages.
B. If there is a silver lining to this,it’s that those who were operated on had a similar survival rate regardless of race.
C. In part that’s because 34% of black men in the U.S. smoke cigarettes,compared with 28% of white men.
D. Often it takes only a little extra time and attention to bridge any cultural differences.
E. It’s a gap that concerns the doctors.
F. It’s a new approach that all smokers and ex-smokers,regardless of race,should keep an eye on.
选项
答案E
解析 此段内容讲，研究发现，更多的白人患者有机会接受肿瘤切除手术，而黑人却没有，因而就导致了白人与黑人患癌症的存活率有差距。这是一个涉及到医生缺口的问题。答案是E。
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