首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
admin
2010-05-25
46
问题
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social science history might contribute to the public debate over gun control and gun rights. To date, we have had little impact on that debate. It has been dominated by mainstream social scientists and historians, especially scholars such as Gary Kleck, John Lott, and Michael Bellesiles, whose work, despite profound flaws, is politically congenial to either opponents or proponents of gun control.① Kleck and Mark Gertz, for instance, argue on the basis of their widely cited survey that gun owners prevent numerous crimes each year in the Untied States by using firearms to defend themselves and their property. If their survey respondents are to be believed, American gun owners shot 100,000 criminals in 1994 in self-defense—a preposterous number. Lott claims on the basis of his statistical analysis of recent crime rates that laws allowing private individuals to carry concealed firearms to deter murders, rapes ,and robberies, because criminals are afraid to attack potentially armed victims. However, he biases his results by confining his analysis to the year between 1977 and 1992, when violent crime rates had peaked and varied little from year to year. He reports only regression models that support his thesis and neglects to mention that each of ’those models find a positive relationship between violent crime and real income, and inverse relationship between violent crime and unemployment.
Contrary to Kleck and Lott, Bellesiles insists that guns and America’s "gun culture" are responsible for America’s high rate of murder. In Belleville’s opinion, relatively few Americans owned guns before the 1850s or know how to use, maintain, or repair them. As a result, he says, guns contributed little to the homicide rate, especially among Whites, which was low everywhere, even in the South and on the frontier, where historians once assumed gun and murder went hand in hand. According to Bellesiles, these patterns changed dramatically after the Mexican War and especially after the Civil War, when gun ownership became widespread and cultural changes encouraged the use of handguns to command respect and resolve personal and political disputes. The result was an unprecedented wave of gun-related homicides that never truly abated. To this day, the United States has the highest homicide rate of any industrial democracy. Bellesile’s low estimates of gun ownership in early America conflict, however, with those of every historian who has previously studied the subject and has thus far proven irreproducible. Every homicide statistic he presents is either misleading or wrong.
Given the influence of Kleck, Lott, Bellesiles and other partisan scholars on the debate over gun control and gun rights, we felt a need to pull together what social science historians have learned to date about the history of gun ownership and gun violence in America, and to consider what research methods and projects might increase our knowledge in the near future. ②
The term "abate" in Line 8, Para. 2 possibly means______.
选项
A、vanish
B、terminate
C、fall
D、flourish
答案
C
解析
语义理解题。上文提到,墨西哥战争和内战之后美国人拥有枪支的现象很普遍,获得尊重和保护财产的文化需求也刺激和激励了这种需求,所以枪杀案前所未有地增加,并且实际上一直没有下降过:“an unprecedented wave Of gun-related homicides";并且根据后面一句“To this day,the United States has the highest homicide rate",可以推断应该是下降和减少的意思,故选C 。选项D 正好相反;而选项A 和 B 与现实不符,予以排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/C72K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Ourassociation,whichhasconsistentlypressedforgreateremploymentopportunitiesforthedisabled,willpublish______propo
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
随机试题
患儿7岁,颜面眼睑浮肿,小便短赤,下肢疮毒,舌红苔薄黄,脉滑数。实验室检查:尿蛋白(++),镜下红细胞20~30个/高倍视野,白细胞5~6个/高倍视野,血清补体C3明显下降。治疗应首选青霉素加
心源性休克最常见的病因是()。
合同价格分析的主要内容包括()。
保险公估业务人员有下列哪种情形,保险公估机构应当注销《执业证书》?( )
某国有企业因有违反税收征收管理法的行为,被税务机关处以8000元的罚款。假定该企业收到税务行政处罚决定书的时间为2017年3月1日,则该企业4月5日缴纳罚款时的总金额为()。
高等教育心理学是研究高等教育情境中教师的教的基本心理规律的科学。()
英国一项研究显示,考试中喝水的学生考试成绩更佳。这项研究调查了数百名大学生,比较带饮料——例如水、咖啡或者可乐——和不带饮料的学生的考试成绩。经比较,那些到达考场时带着饮料的学生平均成绩要高出5%。而且成绩的提高在那些刚刚进入大学校门的学生身上更加明显,他
设在采用SQLServer2008数据库的图书馆应用系统中有三个基本表,表结构如下所示,请用SQL语句完成下列两个查询:检索借书和王丽同学所借图书中的任意一本相同的学生姓名、系名、书名和借书日期。
删除考生文件夹下ROOM文件夹中的文件GED.WRI。
A、Becausetheyhavealowself-image.B、Becausethereisalwayssomeonewhoisaroundthemandknowsthembetter.C、Becausethey
最新回复
(
0
)