首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on th
admin
2010-05-25
37
问题
At the fall 2001 Social Science History Association convention in Chicago, the Crime and Justice network sponsored a forum on the history of gun ownership, gun use, and gun violence in the United States. Our purpose was to consider how social science history might contribute to the public debate over gun control and gun rights. To date, we have had little impact on that debate. It has been dominated by mainstream social scientists and historians, especially scholars such as Gary Kleck, John Lott, and Michael Bellesiles, whose work, despite profound flaws, is politically congenial to either opponents or proponents of gun control.① Kleck and Mark Gertz, for instance, argue on the basis of their widely cited survey that gun owners prevent numerous crimes each year in the Untied States by using firearms to defend themselves and their property. If their survey respondents are to be believed, American gun owners shot 100,000 criminals in 1994 in self-defense—a preposterous number. Lott claims on the basis of his statistical analysis of recent crime rates that laws allowing private individuals to carry concealed firearms to deter murders, rapes ,and robberies, because criminals are afraid to attack potentially armed victims. However, he biases his results by confining his analysis to the year between 1977 and 1992, when violent crime rates had peaked and varied little from year to year. He reports only regression models that support his thesis and neglects to mention that each of ’those models find a positive relationship between violent crime and real income, and inverse relationship between violent crime and unemployment.
Contrary to Kleck and Lott, Bellesiles insists that guns and America’s "gun culture" are responsible for America’s high rate of murder. In Belleville’s opinion, relatively few Americans owned guns before the 1850s or know how to use, maintain, or repair them. As a result, he says, guns contributed little to the homicide rate, especially among Whites, which was low everywhere, even in the South and on the frontier, where historians once assumed gun and murder went hand in hand. According to Bellesiles, these patterns changed dramatically after the Mexican War and especially after the Civil War, when gun ownership became widespread and cultural changes encouraged the use of handguns to command respect and resolve personal and political disputes. The result was an unprecedented wave of gun-related homicides that never truly abated. To this day, the United States has the highest homicide rate of any industrial democracy. Bellesile’s low estimates of gun ownership in early America conflict, however, with those of every historian who has previously studied the subject and has thus far proven irreproducible. Every homicide statistic he presents is either misleading or wrong.
Given the influence of Kleck, Lott, Bellesiles and other partisan scholars on the debate over gun control and gun rights, we felt a need to pull together what social science historians have learned to date about the history of gun ownership and gun violence in America, and to consider what research methods and projects might increase our knowledge in the near future. ②
The term "abate" in Line 8, Para. 2 possibly means______.
选项
A、vanish
B、terminate
C、fall
D、flourish
答案
C
解析
语义理解题。上文提到,墨西哥战争和内战之后美国人拥有枪支的现象很普遍,获得尊重和保护财产的文化需求也刺激和激励了这种需求,所以枪杀案前所未有地增加,并且实际上一直没有下降过:“an unprecedented wave Of gun-related homicides";并且根据后面一句“To this day,the United States has the highest homicide rate",可以推断应该是下降和减少的意思,故选C 。选项D 正好相反;而选项A 和 B 与现实不符,予以排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/C72K777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
Letusconsiderwhatscienceandtechnologyhavetocontributetothefoodproblem.Thesimplestwaytoincreasefoodprodu
随机试题
下列哪项生理功能与血浆蛋白无关()
下列做法中,属于社会工作者对同事的伦理责任是()。
A.Ferguson法B.Shouldice法C.Halsted法D.McVay法重点在加强腹横筋膜的腹股沟疝修补方法是
围绝经期的特点中下列哪项是正确的
矿井通风系统是向矿井各作业地点供给新鲜空气、排出污浊空气的通风网络、通风动力及其装置和通风控制设施(通风构筑物)的总称。根据主要通风机的工作方式,地下矿山通风方式可分为()。
根据以下条件,回答下列题目:刘二为自己投保了一份终身寿险保单,合同成立并生效的时间为2006年3月1日。因刘二未履行按期缴纳续期保费的义务,此保险合同的效力遂于2007年5月2日中止。2008年5月1日,刘二补缴了其所拖欠的保险费及利息。经保险双方协商
下列各项中,不应暂停借款费用资本化的有()。
上市公司收购行为完成后,下列情形不符合法律规定的是()。
请联系实际,评析“有权不用,过期作废”与“为官一任,造福一方”这两种看法。
Themanspeaks_____________________________(好像他以前到过那儿似的).
最新回复
(
0
)