首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
Tourism Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are days more significant social phenomena than most commen tators have cons
Tourism Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are days more significant social phenomena than most commen tators have cons
admin
2013-01-20
41
问题
Tourism
Tourism, holidaymaking and travel these are days more significant social phenomena than most commen tators have considered. On the face of it there could not be a more trivial subject for a book. And indeed since social scientists have had considerable difficulty explaining weightier topics, such as work or politics, it might be thought that they would have great difficulties in accounting for more trivial phenomena such as holidaymaking. However. there are interesting parallels with the study of deviance. This involves the investigation of bizarre and idiosyncratic social practices which happen to be defined as deviant in some societies but not necessarily in others. The assumption is that the investigation of deviance can reveal interesting and significant aspects of "normal" societies. It could be said that a similar analysis can be applied to tourism.
Tourism is a leisure activity which presupposes its opposite, namely regulated and organized work. It is one manifestation of how work and leisure are organized as separate and regulated spheres of social practice in "modem" societies, Indeed acting as a tourist is one of the defining characteristics of being "modern" and the popular concept of tourism is that, it is organized within particular place and occurs for regularized periods of time. Tourist relationships arise from a movement of people to, and their stay in, various destinations. This necessarily involves some movement, that is the journey, and a period of stay in a new place or places. The journey and the stay are by definition outside the normal places, of residence and work, and are of a short-term and temporary nature, and there is a clear intention to return home within a relatively short period of time.
A substantial proportion of the population of modern societies engages in such tourist practices; new socialized forms of prevision have developed in order to cope with the mass character of the gazes of tourists, as opposed to the individual character of travel. Places are chosen to be visited and be gazed upon because there is an anticipation especially through daydreaming and fantasy of intense pleasures, either on a different scale or involving different senses from those customarily encountered. Such anticipation is constructed and sustainedthrough a variety of non-tourist practices, such as films, TV, literature, magazines, records and videos which construct and reinforce this daydreaming.
Tourists tend to visit features of landscape and townscape which separate them off from everyday experience. Such aspects are viewed because they are taken to be in some sense out of the ordinary. The viewing of these tourist sights often involves different forms of social patterning with a much greater sensitivity to visual elements of landscape or townscape than is normally found in everyday life. People linger over these sights in a way that they would not normally do in their home environment and the vision is objectified or captured through photographs, postcards films and so on which enable the memory to be endlessly reproduced and recaptured.
One of the earliest dissertations on the subject of tourism is Boorstin’s analysis of the "pseudo-event" (1964) where he argues that contemporary Americans cannot experience "reality" directly but thrive on "pseudo-events". Isolated from the host environment and the local people, the mass tourist travels in guided groups and finds pleasure in inauthentic contrived attractions, gullibly enjoying the pseudo-events and disregarding the real world outside. Over time the images generated of different tourist sights come to constitute a closed selfperpetuating system of illusions which provide the tourist with the basis for selecting and evaluating potential places to visit. Such visits are made, says Boorstin, within the "environmental bubble" of the familiar Americanstyle hotel which insulates the tourist from the strangeness of the host environment.
To service the burgeoning tourist industry, an army of professionals has developed who attempt to reproduce ever-new objects for the tourist to look at. These objects or places are located in a complex and changing hierarchy. This depends upon the interplay between, on the one hand competition between interests involved in the provision of such objects and, on the other hand, changing class, gender, and generational distinctions of taste within the potential population of visitors. It has been said that to be a tourist is one of the characteristics of the "modem experience". Not to "go away" is like not possessing a car or a nice house. Travel is a marker of status in modem societies and is also thought to be necessary for good health. The role of the professional, therefore, is to cater for the needs and tastes of the tourists in accordance with their class and overall expectations.
People view tourist landscapes in a different way from ______.
选项
答案
places seen in everyday life
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/CBu7777K
0
大学英语四级
相关试题推荐
A、Themanisfondoftraveling.B、Thewomanisaphotographer.C、Thewomantookalotofpicturesatthecontest.D、Themanadmi
Languageislearnedprimarilythroughcommunicationwithotherpeople.Researchshowsthatthemorecommunicationchildren【S1】__
Languageislearnedprimarilythroughcommunicationwithotherpeople.Researchshowsthatthemorecommunicationchildren【S1】__
A、Theyareshortofhands.B、Themanneedsmorechances.C、Theywillnothiremorepeople.D、Themanwillhaveachancetotake
UniversitiesmustdealbetterwithcomplaintsWithstudentcomplaintsatarecordhigh,universitieswillhavetoraisetheirga
A、Becausethedemandforfoodincreased.B、Becausebadweathercausedthethreatoffoodshortage.C、Becausetheproductionoff
Naptime(午睡时间)isnotjustforkids.Awholebodyofresearchshowsthatamiddaynapcan【S1】______increaseproductivityandale
A、Eachquestioninaformmustbeanswered.B、Everythinginaformmustbereadcarefully.C、Somethingofyourinterestismost
A、ThefinalexammightincludesomethinginChapter5.B、Prof.Greenwilltellthestudentswhatwillbetestedinadvance.C、Pr
Asresearcherslearnmoreabouthowchildren’sintelligencedevelops,theyareincreasinglysurprisedbythepowerofparents.T
随机试题
若平面上有两点A(—6,3)、B(3,一2),直线y=kx+4与线段AB恒有交点,则k的取值范围是()。
TherearemanystereotypesaboutthecharacterofpeopleinvariouspartsoftheUnitedStates.IntheNortheastandMidwest,pe
不能用于手术时控制高血压的药物是:
A.县级以上药品监督管理部门B.市级药品监督管理部门C.省级药品监督管理部门D.国家药品监督管理部门因破损、变质、过期等情况导致麻醉药品不能使用,负责销毁的部门是()。
2008年11月1日,胡某因涉嫌盗窃罪被某县公安局立案侦查。侦查终结后移送县人民检察院审查起诉。本案经县人民检察院审查后认为犯罪嫌疑人胡某没有犯罪行为,经检察委员会讨论,作出不起诉决定,下列表述正确的是:()
股东人数较少的有限责任公司,可以不设立董事会,只设立一名执行董事。( )
甲破产企业有12位债权人,债权总额为1500万元。其中债权人吴某和高某的债权额为500万元,以破产企业的房产作抵押,现债权人会议讨论表决破产财产的分配方案。下列情形中,不能通过该方案的是()。
()是银行全面风险管理的核心。
元认知研究的代表人物是()
下列文物遗址位于西安市境内的是()。
最新回复
(
0
)