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  3. The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional " paid" media — suc

The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional " paid" media — suc

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问题     The rough guide to marketing success used to be that you got what you paid for. No longer. While traditional " paid" media — such as television commercials and print advertisements — still play a major role, companies today can exploit many alternative forms of media. Consumers passionate about a product may, for example, create "earned" media by willingly promoting it to friends, and a company may leverage "owned" media by sending e-mail alerts about products and sales to customers registered with its Web site. In fact, the way consumers now approach the process of making purchase decisions means that marketing’s impact stems from a broad range of factors beyond conventional paid media.
    Paid and owned media are controlled by marketers promoting their own products. For earned media, such marketers act as the initiator for users’ responses. But in some cases, one marketer’s owned media become another marketer’s paid media — for instance, when an e-commerce retailer sells ad space on its Web site. We define such sold media as owned media whose traffic is so strong that other organizations place their content or e-commerce engines within that environment. This trend, which we believe is still in its infancy, effectively began with retailers and travel providers such as airlines and hotels and will no doubt go further. Johnson & Johnson, for example, has created BabyCenter, a stand-alone media property that promotes complementary and even competitive products. Besides generating income, the presence of other marketers makes the site seem objective, gives companies opportunities to learn valuable information about the appeal of other companies’ marketing, and may help expand user traffic for all companies concerned.
    The same dramatic technological changes that have provided marketers with more (and more diverse) communications choices have also increased the risk that passionate consumers will voice their opinions in quicker, more visible, and much more damaging ways. Such hijacked media are the opposite of earned media: an asset or campaign becomes hostage to consumers, other stakeholders, or activists who make negative allegations about a brand or product. Members of social networks, for instance, are learning that they can hijack media to apply pressure on the businesses that originally created them.
    If that happens, passionate consumers would try to persuade others to boycott products, putting the reputation of the target company at risk. In such a case, the company’s response may not be sufficiently quick or thoughtful, and the learning curve has been steep. Toyota Motor, for example, alleviated some of the damage from its recall crisis earlier this year with a relatively quick and well-orchestrated social-media response campaign, which included efforts to engage with consumers directly on sites such as Twitter and the social-news site Digg.
Toyota Motor’s experience is cited as an example of
选项 A、responding effectively to hijacked media.
B、persuading customers into boycotting products.
C、cooperating with supportive consumers.
D、taking advantage of hijacked media.
答案A
解析 文章最后一段列举了丰田汽车的例子。该段前两句指出，在劫持媒体的情况下，企业可能反应不够迅速，考虑不够周全。接着举了丰田汽车的例子，指出其在汽车召回危机中，发动相对快速和精心策划的社交媒体应对活动，减轻了危机造成的一些损害。由此可以看出，丰田汽车的例子是一个正面的例子，其积极地应对劫持媒体，有效地减轻了危害。因此选项[A]“对劫持媒体作出有效回应”正确，为答案。文章末段第一句提到了消费者可能会劝说其他人抵制某些产品，故选项[B]张冠李戴；[C]属于无中生有；文章介绍的是丰田汽车在出现劫持媒体危机后所采取的措施，而不是利用劫持媒体，联系上文内容可知，利用劫持媒体的是充满激情的消费者，因此[D]也错误。
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