首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
We’re always being told by the Department of Health to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a day. But it’s not clear where
We’re always being told by the Department of Health to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a day. But it’s not clear where
admin
2013-09-23
58
问题
We’re always being told by the Department of Health to eat five portions of fruit and vegetables a day. But it’s not clear where the evidence for this comes from and a large study by the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition(Epic)two years ago of the dietary intake of more than 400, 000 people found only a weak link between eating fruit and vegetables and a reduction in overall cancer risk. There’s no evidence it reduces breast or prostate cancer.
Even so, how could anyone argue against eating more fruit and vegetables? Well, it depends what fruit you’re eating. A review article in the Canadian Medical Association Journal warns that a chemical in grapefruits can interact fatally with certain medicines. Even apple juice, the staple of many breakfast tables, may reduce our absorption of some drugs. Parents also often think fruit juice is a healthy alternative to soda drinks but juices contain sugar and calories too—as much as a glass of Coke(160 calories)—so should be drunk in moderation.
Grapefruit has also been linked to an increase in breast cancer. A study in the British Journal of Cancer(BJC)of 500, 000 post-menopausal women found that eating a quarter of the fruit a day increased the risk by 30% .
There is one good reason for not eating grapefruits—they taste sour. But they are unlikely to increase your risk of breast cancer; further research in the BJC showed no increase of breast cancer in pre-or post-menopausal women who tuck into grapefruits or drink juice.
Grapefruit contains a type of chemical called furanocoumarin(also found in Seville oranges and limes but not Valencia or other sweet oranges), which, by inhibiting the enzyme CYP3A4, stops the breakdown of some prescription drugs. So the concentrations of these drugs rise and can have serious side-effects, including kidney damage, heart block(where no electrical impulses pass through the heart and it can stop beating), and deep vein thrombosis(which occurred when an oral contraceptive was taken by a woman who also ate grapefruit three days in a row).
Patient information leaflets should tell you what foods to avoid with which drugs. If in doubt, ask your doctor. So you don’t need to eat less fruit, and may still need to eat more. Another paper from the Epic study found a 22% reduction in deaths from heart attacks in people who ate eight portions of fruit and vegetables a day compared to those who ate three or fewer. The way the study is designed, however, means that it can only suggest a link—it can’t prove one.
The result of the further study in the BJC was that eating______.
选项
A、fruit could reduce breast or prostate cancer risk
B、one fourth of grapefruit each day increased breast cancer risk
C、grapefruits didn’t increase breast cancer risk
D、more fruits reduced the deaths from heart attack
答案
C
解析
细节题。由关键词“the further study in the BJC”定位到第四段最后一句,该句提到《英国癌症杂志》的进一步研究表明未绝经或已绝经妇女猛吃西柚或大量喝果汁,其乳腺癌发病率并未增加,所以[C]“吃西柚没有增加乳腺癌发病率”为正确答案。第一段最后一句提到Epic的研究没有证明吃水果和蔬菜能减少乳腺或前列腺的癌变,所以[A]“吃水果能够减少乳腺或前列腺的癌变”没有被证实,而且并非BJC所研究的,故排除;[B]“每天吃四分之一的西柚增加乳腺癌发病率”在第三段最后一句提及,但这是BJC以前的研究成果,并非进一步的研究成果,因此排除;最后一段第四句表明由Epic研究得出的另一篇论文发现,每天吃八份水果和蔬菜的人与那些每天吃三或四份的人相比,心脏病的死亡几率降低了22%,所以[D]“吃更多的水果降低心了脏病的死亡几率”是Epic的研究结果,故排除。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/CHLK777K
0
专业英语四级
相关试题推荐
RhodeIslandwasthe【C1】______ofAmericantennis:whentheUnitedStatesNationalChampionships(nowtheUnitedStatesOpen)w
RhodeIslandwasthe【C1】______ofAmericantennis:whentheUnitedStatesNationalChampionships(nowtheUnitedStatesOpen)w
RhodeIslandwasthe【C1】______ofAmericantennis:whentheUnitedStatesNationalChampionships(nowtheUnitedStatesOpen)w
RhodeIslandwasthe【C1】______ofAmericantennis:whentheUnitedStatesNationalChampionships(nowtheUnitedStatesOpen)w
Acommonassumptionabouttheprivatesectorofeducationisthatitcatersonlytotheelite.【C1】______recentresearchpoints
Acommonassumptionabouttheprivatesectorofeducationisthatitcatersonlytotheelite.【C1】______recentresearchpoints
Acommonassumptionabouttheprivatesectorofeducationisthatitcatersonlytotheelite.【C1】______recentresearchpoints
HealthMinisterNicolaRoxon’slatestproposalthatpatientsbeallocatedtodoctorsonalistbasisisstraightoutoftheplay
By1950,theresultsofattemptstorelatebrainprocessestomentalexperienceappearedratherdiscouraging.Suchvariationsin
随机试题
A、何首乌B、苍术C、麦冬D、牛膝E、半夏断面洁白,富粉性的药材是
男性,30岁,酒后驾车发生车祸,右上腹受伤致肝破裂。神志清楚,上腹部明显压痛,面色苍白,四肢湿冷,脉搏130次/min,血压10.7/8kPa(80/60mmHg),尿少,口渴,过度换气。病人的诊断是
在一起故意伤害案中,人民检察院认为被告人美国人可能被判处无期徒刑,因而向中级人民法院提起公诉。中级人民法院受理后,认为不需要判处无期徒刑以上刑罚,对此,中级人民法院()。
某大型防洪工程由政府投资兴建。项目法人委托某招标代理公司代理施工招标。招标代理公司依据有关规定确定该项目采用公开招标方式招标,招标公告在当地政府规定的招标信息网上发布。招标文件中规定:投标担保可采用投标保证金或投标保函方式担保。评标方法采用经评审的最低投标
下列关于组合风险限额管理的说法,正确的有()。
已知A,B,C发生的概率均为,且P(AC)=P(BC)=,P(AB)=0,则A,B,C都不发生的概率为_______.
使用价值和价值是商品的两个基本因素,缺一不可。当生产者把商品卖给消费者时()
设矩阵B=,已知矩阵A相似于B,则秩(A一2E)与秩(A—E)之和等于()
Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagoodexampleofapopulartechnology’sunforeseensi
执行如下命令序列后,最后一条命令的显示结果是()。DIMENSIONM(2,2)M(1,1)=10M(1,2)=20M(2,1)=30M(2,2)=40?M(2)
最新回复
(
0
)