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Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history of more than 5,000 years. It is a summary of the experience of working peo

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问题    Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) has a long history of more than 5,000 years. It is a summary of the experience of working people who struggle against diseases over thousands of years. In TCM theory, yin and yang are used to explain the physiological and pathological phenomena of body. The concepts of yin-yang and the five elements (metal, wood, water, fire and earth) lay the theoretical foundation for TCM. TCM uses traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion, and many other therapies to make human body be harmony between yin and yang. Although there is still a huge gap between Western and Chinese medicine, traditional Chinese medicine has been spread across more than 160 countries and regions around the world so far. Some even joke that TCM is the fifth great invention of China.
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答案 中医(Traditional Chinese Medicine)有五千多年的历史，是中国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾病的经验总结。中医学运用阴阳理论来解释人体的生理和病理现象。阴阳和五行是中医的理论基础。中医使用中药、针灸(acupuncture and moxibustion)以及许多其他治疗手段，使人体达到阴阳调和。虽然在西方医学和中医之间仍然有很大的鸿沟，但目前传统中医已经遍布世界160多个国家和地区。有人甚至戏称中医是中国的第五大发明。
解析 1．第一句比较长，为了避免译文冗余，可像参考译文那样将其翻译为两个句子。也可以将“中医”作主语，“是中国古代劳动人民几千年来对抗疾病的经验总结”作谓语，将“有五千多年的历史”译为with结构的状语成分，故本句还可译为“With a long history of more than 5，000 years，traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)is a summary of the experience of…”。除此之外，还可将“有五千多年的历史”译为一个定语从句，即“Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)，which has a long history of more than 5，000 years，is a summary of…”。
2．第二句中，可以按照原文以“中医学”为主语，即“TCM theory uses yin and yang to explain…”，也可以像参考译文中那样以“阴阳”作主语，采用被动句式。
3．第三句中，“是……基础”可用短语“lay the…foundation for…”或“serve as the…basis for／of…”来表达。
4．第四句中，“使用”可译为动词use，也可译为介词短语结构“by using…”；“阴阳调和”可译为形容词短语，表示一种状态，也可将其译为动词短语balance／regulate yin and yang。因此，本句还可译为“TCM balances／regulates yin and yang inside human body by using TMC，acupuncture and moxibustion，and many other therapies．”。
5．第五句中，“很大的鸿沟”可译为a huge gap。此外，如果采用意译法，有鸿沟意味着大不相同，因此前半句还可译为although Chinese medicine is so different from Western’s。
6．最后一句中，“戏称”可以像参考译文中那样译为动词结构“joke that…”，也可译为joke的名词结构“there is a joke that…”。
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