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  3. The more television children watch, the less competent they are in mathematical knowledge. More than a third of children in the

The more television children watch, the less competent they are in mathematical knowledge. More than a third of children in the

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问题 The more television children watch, the less competent they are in mathematical knowledge. More than a third of children in the United States watch television for more than five hours a day; in South Korea the figure is only 7 percent. But whereas less than 15 percent of children in the United States understand advanced measurement and geometric concepts, 40 percent of South Korean children are competent in these areas. Therefore, if United States children are to do well in mathematics, they must watch less television. Which one of the following is an assumption upon which the argument depends?
选项 A、Children in the United States are less interested in advanced measurement and geometric concepts than are South Korean children.
B、South Korean children are more disciplined about doing schoolwork than are children in the United States.
C、Children who want to do well in advanced measurement and geometry will watch less television.
D、A child’s ability in advanced measurement and geometry increases if he or she watches less than one hour of television a day.
E、The instruction in advanced measurement and geometric concepts available to children in the United States is not substantially worse than that available to South Korean children.
答案E
解析 要使孩子们看的电视越多，他们的数学知识就越贫乏的结论成立，就要排除其他因素对孩子们的数学能力的影响。美国孩子比韩国孩子看的电视多，因此美国孩子的数学能力比韩国孩子的差。但是若美国孩子在数学方面所能接受到的教育比韩国孩子差时，就很难得出美国孩子数学能力差是由于他们看电视较多的结论，因此(E)是本题的论证所依赖的假设；(A)和(B)两选项都对本题的结论构成了反对；(C)和(D)都不能从本题的论证中合理地推出。
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