首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
But probably the fullest statement of the doctrine of the rule of law occurs in the work of William Pa-ley,the "great codifier o
But probably the fullest statement of the doctrine of the rule of law occurs in the work of William Pa-ley,the "great codifier o
admin
2015-01-09
36
问题
But probably the fullest statement of the doctrine of the rule of law occurs in the work of William Pa-ley,the "great codifier of thought in an age of codification."It deserved quoting at some length: "The first maxim of a free state,"he writes,is,that the laws be made by one set of men,and administered by another; in other words,that the legislative and the judicial character be kept separate. When these offices are unified in the same person or assembly,particular laws are made for particular cases,springing often times from partial motives,and directed to private ends:whilst they are kept separate,general laws are made by one body of men,without foreseeing whom they may affect;and,when made,must be applied by the other,let them affect whom they will...When the parties and interests to be affected by the laws were known,the inclination of the law makers would inevitably attach to one side or the othenand where there were neither any fixed rules to regulate their determinations,nor any superior power to control their proceedings,these inclinations would interfere with the integrity of public justice. The consequence of which must be,that the subjects of such a constitution would live either without constant laws,that is,without any known pre-established rules of adjudication whatever;or under laws made for particular persons, and partaking of the contradictions and iniquity of the motives to which they owed their origin.
"Which dangers,by the division of the legislative and judicial functions,are in this country effectually provided against. Parliament knows not the individuals upon whom its acts will operate;it has no ease or parties before it;no private designs to serve:consequently,its resolutions will be suggested by the considerations of universal effects and tendencies,which always produce impartial and commonly advantageous regulations."
With the end of the eighteenth century,England’s major contributions to the development of the principles of freedom came to a close. Though Macaulay did once more for the nineteenth century what Hume had done for the eighteenth,and though the Whig intelligentsia of the Edinburgh Review and economists in the Smithian tradition,like J.R. MacCulloch and N. W Senior,continued to think of liberty in classical terms,there was little further development. The new liberalism that gradually displaced Whiggism came more and more under the influence of the rationalist tendencies of the philosophical radicals and the French tradition. Bentham and his Utilitarians did much to destroy the beliefs that England had in part preserved from the Middle Ages,by their scornful treatment of most of what until then had been the most admired features of the British constitution. And they introduced into Britain what had so far been entirely absent—the desire to remake the whole of her law and institutions on rational principles.
The lack of understanding of the traditional principles of English liberty on the part of the men guided by the ideals of the French Revolution is clearly illustrated by one of the early apostles of that revolution in England,Dr. Richard Price. As early as 1778 he argued:"Liberty is too imperfectly defined when it is said to be a Government of LAWS and not by MEN. If the laws are made by one man,or a junto of men in a state,and not by common CONSENT,a government by them is not different from slavery."Eight years later he was able to display a commendatory letter from Turgot:"How comes it that you are almost the first of the writers of your country,who has given a just idea of liberty,and shown the falsity of the notion so frequently repeated by almost all Republican Writers that liberty consists in being subject only to the laws?" From then onward,the essentially French concept of political liberty was indeed progressively to displace the English ideal of individual liberty,until it could be said that "in Great Britain,which,little more than a century ago,repudiated the ideas on which the French Revolution was based,and led the resistance to Napoleon, those ideas have triumphed."Though in Britain most of the achievements of the seventeenth century were preserved beyond the nineteenth,we must look elsewhere for the further development of the ideals underlying them.
Which of the following is TRUE?
选项
A、The author favors the principles of English freedom as opposed to the ideals of the French revolution.
B、The author favors the principles of the French revolutions as opposed to the principles of English freedom.
C、The author is deeply attached to the status quo between the principles of English freedom and the ideals of the French revolution.
D、The author shows that the principle of political alienation in a capitalist society has an economic base.
答案
A
解析
题目问:下列哪项是正确的?最后一段“The lack of understanding of the traditional principles ofEnglish liberty on the part of the men guided by the ideals of the French Revolution is clearly illustratedby one of the early apostles of that revolution in England.”通过这句话可知,法国革命理想对英国传统自由主义的理解不充分,而一个英国革命的早期传道者清楚地解释了自由主义。据此判断,应选择A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/CZQO777K
0
考博英语
相关试题推荐
OnJanuary11th,aremarkablelegalcaseopensinaSanFranciscocourtroom—onitsway,itseemsalmostcertain,totheSupreme
TheRomanEmperorClaudiuswasviewedwith______bygenerationsofhistoriansuntilnewlydiscoveredevidenceshowedhimtobe___
Theschemeforrebuildingthecitycenter______,owingtotherefusalofaCounciltosanctiontheexpenditureofthemoneyitw
InAfricaHIVandAIDScontinueto______thepopulation;nearly60percentofthoseinfectedarewomen.
Ontheoutside,BetsyLueth’sschoollookslikeanyotherinthisartyneighborhoodofMinneapolis:asprawling,boxyredbrick
Everytimeanoldbuildingistorndowninthiscountry,andanewbuildinggoesup,thegroundfloorbecomesabank.There
Inthepast10years,thecompanyhasgradually______allofitssmallerrivals.
WhenPh.Dcandidates______theirimpendingprofessorships,theyconsiderhousingbenefitsofferedbytheprospectiveuniversit
Theguestteamwasbeatenbythehostteam2_____4inlastyear’sCFACupFinal.
Herfriendshelpedher______afterhersisterwaskilledinacarcrash.
随机试题
2009年12月,甲托乙购买化肥,给乙化肥款8000元。乙买完化肥后,剩余500元,于是就用其中的100元购买了有奖邮政明信片。后来,乙将买明信片一事告诉甲,甲想快到元旦了,孩子们会用得上,于是就收下了。甲的儿子(15岁)将其中一张送给朋友丙。2010年7
症见眼睑头面浮肿,继及全身,上半身肿甚,来势迅速,皮薄光亮,小便短少,苔薄白,脉浮紧,其辨证是
因税务机关的责任,导致纳税人、扣缴义务人未缴或者少缴税款的,税务机关在()内可以要求纳税人、扣缴义务人补缴税款,但不得加收滞纳金。
企业计算应纳税所得额时,允许扣除的销售税金包括()。
依据边际贡献方程式,提高产品边际贡献的途径有()。
2017年1月境外A为境内甲企业提供设计服务,合同价款150万美元,1美元=6.2元人民币。A在境内未设立经营机构,则甲企业应当扣缴A的增值税是()万元。
当前,很多社区建立了图书室,但门庭冷落、乏人问津。对此,你怎么看?
标准ASCII码用7位二进制位表示一个字符的编码,其不同的编码共有()。
Vacation(休假)timecanbeassimpleasjusttimeawayfromwork.Youmayjustwantto【C1】______homeanddonothing.Thereisnothi
Forthepastseveralyears,theSundaynewspapersupplementParadehasfeaturedacolumncalled"AskMarilyn".Peopleareinvite
最新回复
(
0
)