首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an A
admin
2011-02-11
76
问题
A Frenchman, the psychologist Alfred Binet, published the first standardized test of human intelligence in 1905. But it was an American, Lewis Terman, a psychology professor at Stanford, who thought to divide a test taker’s "mental age", as revealed by that score, by his or her chronological age to derive a number that he called the "intelligence quotient", or IQ. It would be hard to think of a pop-scientific coinage that has had a greater impact of the way people think about themselves and others.
No country embraced the IQ—and the application of IQ testing to restructure society—mote thoroughly than the U.S. Every year millions of Americans have their IQ measured, many with a direct descendant of Binet’s original test, the Stanford-Binet, although not necessarily for the purpose Binet intended. He developed his test as a way of identifying public school students who needed extra help in learning; and that is still one of its leading uses.
But the broader and more controversial use of IQ testing has its roots in a theory of intelligence—part science, part sociology—that developed in the late 19th century, before Binte’s work and entirely separate from it, Championed first by Charles Darwin’ s cousin Francis Galton, it held that intelligence was the most valuable human attribute, and that if people who had a lot of it could be identified and put in leadership positions, all of Society would benefit.
Terman believed IQ tests should be used to conduct a great s6rting out of the population, so that young people would be assigned on the basis of their scores to particular levels in the school system, which would lead to corresponding socioeconomic destinations in adult life. The beginning of the IQ-testing movement overlapped with the eugenics movement—hugely popular in America and Europe among the "better sort" before Hitler gave it a bad name—which held that intelligence was mostly inherited and that people-deficient in it should be discouraged from reproducing. The state sterilization that Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes notoriously endorsed in a 1927.Supreme Court decision was done with an IQ score as justification.
The American IQ promoters scored a great coup during World War I when they persuaded the Army to give IQ tests to 1.7 million inductees. It was the world’s first mass administration of an intelligence test, and many of the standardized tests in use today can be traced back to it: the now ubiquitous and obsessed-over SAT(Stud), Ability Test); the Wechsler, taken by several million people a year, according to its publisher; and Terman’s own National Intelligence Test, originally used in tracking elementary school children. All these tests took from the Army the basic technique of measuring intelligence mainly by asking vocabulary questions (synonyms, antonyms, analogies, reading comprehension).
IQ test is origin ally used to______.
选项
A、find out the students who need extra help in learning
B、assign young people to different majors
C、select the acceptable recruits for army
D、select the leaders for society
答案
A
解析
见第四段,overlap意为重合、交迭,刚开始,IQ测试同优生运动交迭。故选A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/CeeO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
TheAmericanTaxSystemGovernmentsraiserevenuesthroughtaxation,Ataxisa【1】______paymenttogovernment.IntheUnit
ClassicIntentionMovementInsocialsituations,theclassicIntentionMovementis"thechair-grasp".Hostandguesthaveb
TheOriginofMoneyIntheearlieststagesofman’sdevelopmenthehadnomoreneedofmoneythananimalshave.Hewasconte
Paris:ThankstoaFrenchinsurancecompany,bridesandbridegroomswithcoldfeetnolongerfacefinancialdisasterfromacanc
得病以前,我受父母宠爱,在家中横行霸道,一旦隔离,拘禁在花园山坡上一幢小房子里,我顿感打人冷宫,十分郁郁不得志。一个春天的傍晚,园中百花怒放,父母在园中设宴,一时宾客云集,笑语四溢。我在山坡的小屋里,悄悄掀起窗帘,窥见园中大干世界,一片繁华,自己的哥姐、堂
SomeofthemostbasicconceptsofpsychologyweredefinedbySigmundFreudandtwoofhisfollowers,AlfredAdlerandCarlGust
A、providedbyterroristsB、stolenfromthemilitaryC、madeaccordingtothemethodsshowninInternetD、madeinhislabC
AFrenchman,thepsychologistAlfredBinet,publishedthefirststandardizedtestofhumanintelligencein1905.ButitwasanA
Oneofthemajorproblemsofnuclearenergyistheinabilityofscientiststodiscoverasafewaytodisposeoftheradioactive
Peoplecanbeaddictedtodifferentthings—e,g.,alcohol,drugs,certainfoods,oreventelevision.Peoplewhohavesuchanadd
随机试题
患者,女,30岁,左眼球突出运动障碍7个月。CT、平扫示左肌锥内有稍高密度不规则块影。增强扫描示均匀增强,眼肌、眼环及眶骨正常。应诊断为
关于癌前病变的概念,正确的理解是:
气虚血瘀证与气滞血瘀证均可见的临床表现是
鲍-金培养基的特征是含有大量的
A.盐酸诺氟沙星B.磺胺嘧啶C.氧氟沙星D.司帕沙星E.甲氧苄啶结构中含有嘧啶结构,常与磺胺甲嗯唑组成复方制剂的药物是()。
声音的特性是由()等要素来描述的。
()指的是通过给予中间商物质、金钱的奖励来激发中间商的积极性,从而实现公司销售目标。
《乡愁》是谁的诗作?()
Likeotheracademicinstitutions,businessschoolsarejudgedbythequalityoftheresearchcarriedoutbytheirfaculties.At
管理部门对系统的要求是BSP设计的出发点,所以要确定管理部门对系统的要求,具体方法是【】。
最新回复
(
0
)