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  3. Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the following four articles concerning mental illness. Answer each question by choosin

Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the following four articles concerning mental illness. Answer each question by choosin

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问题     Answer Questions 71 to 80 by referring to the following four articles concerning mental illness. Answer each question by choosing A, B, C, or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1.
    Note: When more than one answer is required, these may be given in any order. Some choices may be required more than once.
Remember:
A = Article A
B = Article B
C = Article C
D = Article D
Which article(s)...

A
    One of the biggest challenges facing the mental health care system is the gnawing chasm between the ever-growing demand for services and the system’s ability to respond. Many are suffering. Far too few are being helped.
    For decades, governments have treated mental illness like the orphan of the health care system, leaving the sector chronically under-funded and under-staffed. Such neglect would seem to suggest that mental illness afflicts only an unfortunate few. Nothing could be further from the truth. One in three individuals will experience mental health problems at some point in their lives. In Canada, that translates to more than 10 million people.
    In Canada, mental illness is estimated to cost the economy $ 33 billion each year in disability and lost productivity. We currently spend another $ 6 billion to $ 8 billion annually to treat these conditions. More hospital stays are consumed by people with a mental illness than by cancer and heart disease patients combined.
    Yet for all of that, mental health practitioners know they are only reaching a fraction of those in need. Research shows that two-thirds of adults who experience mental illness never seek help: for adolescents, the figure is 75 percent. Of those who do seek treatment, the majority will first report symptoms to family physicians who are often ill-equipped to recognize or deal with mental illness.
B
    Sadly, children and adolescents are even less likely than adults to seek or receive treatment for mental illness. And in far too many cases, young people pay the ultimate price for their conditions. In what was perhaps the most sobering statistic of all provided by some researchers, it was found that approximately one-in-ten Canadian adolescents attempt suicide each year. At the same time, 80 percent and 90 percent of the young people who kill themselves likely suffered from a mental disorder at the time of their death.
    Some young people are at greater risk than others. Aboriginal youths are five to six times more likely to die by suicide than non-Aboriginal youths. Adolescent males die by suicide three to four times more often than adolescent females.
    The key to suicide prevention is to intervene on multiple fronts as early as possible, particularly with youth who exhibit risk factors such as depression and substance abuse. This means supporting families with children at risk, promoting suicide awareness at the community level and, perhaps most importantly, taking prevention programs into the schools.
C
    In a typical workplace, one in four employees struggles with mental health issues, most commonly in the form of depression or anxiety. It is estimated that mental illness results in 35 million work days lost each year in Canada. Mental illness also accounts for up to 40 per cent of short-term disability insurance claims and is a secondary diagnosis in more than 50 per cent of long-term claims.
    The toll of mental illness—in terms of individual suffering and the corporate bottom line— prompted CEOs from across Canada to support the Toronto-based Roundtable on Addiction and Mental Health. Founded 10 years ago, the Roundtable advises organizations on how to detect, treat and ultimately prevent mental illness.
    Organizations are advised to adopt a three-part strategy. First, focus on early detection and treatment opportunities(depression and anxiety are effectively treated in 85 percent of cases where help is sought). Second, determine, at the organizational level, the root cause of the mental distress(especially important if it is emanating from a single department or business unit). Third, make prevention and stress management a corporate-wide priority.
D
    No research on mental health could fail to deal with the issue of stigma—the fact that negative attitudes and behavior toward people with mental illness adds immeasurably to their suffering and represents a serious barrier to reform. The sting of stigma provided much of the emotional wallop behind Starry, Starry Night, a theatrical production by the Calgary Chapter of the Schizophrenia Society of Alberta. The play, performed entirely by actors with Schizophrenia, includes several wrenching scenes about the harsh way the mentally ill are sometimes treated by the very system that is intended to help them.
    Dr. Thornicroft, a British psychiatrist, recalled how, after 20 years in practice, he felt disquieted by the fact that so few people with mental illness sought treatment—and, if they did, it was as a last resort. He concluded this was because of the shame and embarrassment so many experienced. Dr. Thornicroft decided to take a sabbatical and write a book about stigma.
    As he delved into the subject, and looked at it from the patient’s point of view, Dr. Thornicroft was struck by the depth of prejudice directed at the mentally ill. He concluded that the most essential aspect of stigma is not so much people’s attitudes, but how they act. In other words, the real issue was discrimination. And what is needed is a kind of civil rights campaign on behalf of the mentally ill.
选项 A、 
B、 
C、 
D、 
答案A
解析
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