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  3. The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philos

The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philos

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问题     The topic of cloning has been a politically and ethically controversial one since its very beginning. While the moral and philosophical aspects of the issues are entirely up to the interpretation of the individual, the application of cloning technology can be studied objectively. Many in the scientific community advocate the use of cloning for the preservation and support of endangered species of animals, which aside from cloning, have no other practical hope for avoiding extinction.
    The goal of the use of cloning to avoid extinction is the reintroduction of new genes into the gene pool of species with few survivors, ensuring the maintenance and expansion of genetic diversity. Likely candidates for this technique are species known to have very few surviving members, such as the African Bongo Antelope, the Sumatran Tiger, and the Chinese Giant Panda. In the case of Giant Panda, some artificial techniques for creating offspring have already been performed, perhaps paving the way for cloning as the next step in the process.
    With the estimated population of only about 1, 000 Giant Pandas left in the world, the urgency of the situation has led to desperate measures. One panda was born through the technique of artificial insemination in the San Diego Zoo in the United States. "Hua Mei" was born in 1999 after her parents, Hsing-Hsing and Ling-Ling, had trouble conceiving naturally.
    The plan to increase the Giant Panda population through the use of cloning involves the use of a species related to the Giant Panda, the American Black Bear. Egg cells will be removed from female black bears and then fertilized with Panda cells such as those from Ling-Ling or Hsing-Hsing. The fertilized embryo will then re-implanted into the black bear, where it will grow and mature, until a new panda is delivered from the black bear host.
    Critics of cloning technology argue that the emphasis on cloning as a method by which to preserve species will draw funding away from other methods, such as habitat preservation and conservation. Proponents of cloning counter that many countries in which many endangered species exist are too poor to protect and maintain the species’ habitats anyway, making cloning technology the only practical way to ensure that those species survive to future generations. The issue is still hotly debated, as both sides weigh the benefits that could be achieved against the risks and ethical concerns that constantly accompany any argument on the issue.
The author directs attention to "Hua Mei", the baby panda born in the San Diego Zoo, in order to
选项 A、show that artificial birth techniques other than cloning have succeeded.
B、show that cloning as an artificial birth technique has succeeded.
C、demonstrate the necessity of cloning and other artificial birth techniques to the survival of certain species.
D、argue that pandas are a particularly likely candidate for cloning.
答案A
解析 细节题。题目中的关键词Hua Mei出现在第三段第三句．其上文是回答本题的关键：在美国圣地亚哥动物园有一只大熊猫(Hua Mei)，通过人工授精技术出生了。由此可知，Hua Mei的例子用以说明除克隆外还有其他人工生育技术也取得了成功。这一点由上一段最后一句也可得到证实：谈到中国的大熊猫，人们已经创造出一些人工手段来帮助它繁衍后代，并且已将这些手段付诸实践，在保护大熊猫这种物种的整个过程中，这些做法为下一步采取克隆技术做了铺垫。因此，A项正确。其他选项都与原文不符。
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