首页
外语
计算机
考研
公务员
职业资格
财经
工程
司法
医学
专升本
自考
实用职业技能
登录
外语
According to legend, Aesculapius bore two daughters, Panacea and Hyegeia, who gave rise to dynasties of healers and hygienists.
According to legend, Aesculapius bore two daughters, Panacea and Hyegeia, who gave rise to dynasties of healers and hygienists.
admin
2011-02-11
62
问题
According to legend, Aesculapius bore two daughters, Panacea and Hyegeia, who gave rise to dynasties of healers and hygienists. The schism (分离) remains today, in clinical training and in practice; and, because of the imperative nature of medical care and the subtlety of health care, the former has tended to dominate. Preventive medicine has as its primary objective the maintenance and promotion of health. It accomplishes this by controlling or manipulating environmental factors that affect health and disease. For example, in California presently there is serious suffering and substantial economic loss because of the failure to introduce controlled fluoridation (加氟作用) of public water supplies. Additionally, preventive medicine applies prophylactic (预防性的) measures against disease by such actions as immunization and specific nutritional measures. Third, it attempts to motivate people to adopt healthful lifestyles through education.
For the most part, curative medicine has as its primary objective the removal of disease from the patient. It provides diagnostic techniques to identify the presence and nature of the disease process. While these may be applied on a mass basis in an attempt to "screen" out persons with preclinical disease, they are usually applied after the patient appears with a complaint. Second, it applies treatment to the sick patient. In every case, this is, or should be, individualized according to the particular need of each patient. Third, it utilizes rehabilitation methodologies to return the treated patient to the best possible level of functioning.
While it is true that both preventive medicine and curative medicine require cadres of similarly trained personnel such as planners, administrators, and educators, the underlying delivery systems depend on quite distinctive professional personnel. The requirements for curative medicine call for clinically trained individuals who deal with patients on a one-to-one basis and whose training is based primarily on an understanding of the biological, pathological, and psychological processes that determine an individual’s health and disease status. The locus (地方)for this training is the laboratory and clinic. Preventive medicine, on the other hand, calls for a very broad spectrum of professional personnel, few of whom require clinical expertise. Since their actions apply either to environmental situations or to population groups, their training takes place in a different type of laboratory or in a community not necessarily associated with the clinical locus.
The economic differences between preventive medicine and curative medicine have been extensively discussed, perhaps most convincingly by Winslow in the monograph The Cost of Sickness and the Price of Health. Sickness is almost always a negative, nonproductive and harmful state. All resources expended to deal with sickness are therefore fundamentally economically unproductive. Health, on the other hand, has a very high value in our culture. To the extent that healthy members of the population are replaced by sick members, the economy is doubly burdened. Nevertheless, the per capita cost of preventive measures for specific diseases is generally far lower than the per capita cost of curative medicine applied to treatment of the same disease. Prominent examples are dental caries (蛀牙) , poliomyelitis(脊髓灰质炎 ) and phenylketonuria (苯丙酮尿) .
There is an imperative need to provide care for the sick person within a single medical care system, but there is no overriding reason why a linkage is necessary between the two components of a health care system, prevention and treatment. A national health and medical care program composed of semiautonomous systems for personal health care and medical care would have the advantage of clarifying objectives and strategies and of permitting a more equitable division of resources between prevention and cure.
It can be inferred that the author regards Winslow’s monograph (in Para. 4) as ______.
选项
A、ill-conceived
B、incomplete
C、authoritative
D、well organized
答案
C
解析
这是测试作者观点的问题。答案可在第四段中找到。证实答案C是正确的有两条理由:第一,作者引用了Winslow的monograph,然后再以Winslow提出的观点继续展开讨论,这表明作者同意Winslow的观点;第二,作者认为,Winslow的分析为most convincingly,那当然承认Winslow的权威地位了。A与B都是错的,因为题中提到的都是否定态度。D也是错的,因为well organized是一种陈述风格,与讨论的观点无关,只有C才是正确的描述内容,表达了作者的观点。
转载请注明原文地址:https://kaotiyun.com/show/D1YO777K
0
专业英语八级
相关试题推荐
CharacteristicsofaBureaucracyPeopleusuallyholdnegativeopiniontowardsbureaucracy,butaccordingtoMaxWeber,burea
SteveandYaserfirstmetintheirchemistryclassofanAmericanuniversity.YaserwasaninternationalstudentfromJordan.He
A、Becausehiswifeoverheatedthehouse.B、Becausehismotheroverheatedthehouse.C、Becausehiswife’smotheroverheatedtheh
A、CuttingintodemandforNokia’shandsets.B、Promoteothereconomies.C、Manyfirmsbreakdown.D、Manyhandsetsdon’tsell.A
A、advocacyskillsB、persuasiveskillsC、facilitatingskillsD、supportingskillsD
Whichofthefollowingworksconcernsmostconcentratedlyaboutthecalvinisticviewoforiginalsin?
Whichofthefollowingstatementsisnotatypicalfeatureofimagism?
ThatLouisNevelsonisbelievedbymanycriticstobethegreatesttwentieth-centurysculptorisallthemoreremarkablebecause
Growingconcernsoverthesafetyandefficacyofanti-depressantdrugsprescribedtochildrenhavecaughttheeyeofCongressan
FRANKFURT—IbumpeddowninFrankfurtat10:55AM.AGermanlanding,Ithought—unsubtleandpunctual.Theskywasclear,an
随机试题
对破骨细胞的描述,哪一项不正确()
某地2008年、2012年职工人均年收入分别为34000元和48000元,则该地区职工人均年收入平均增长量的算式是()
成人低蛋白治疗饮食指每日蛋白含量为()。
“要尽量多地要求一个人,也要尽可能地尊重每一个人”的提出者是()
对违反卫生法律法规施行行政处罚的机关是
如果企业已经确认收入,又发生销售退回的,均应冲减退回当月的销售收入,同时冲减退回当月的销售成本。
质量检查表的主要内容有________。
取保候审由哪一部门执行?()
下列词语中加点字的读音,完全相同的一组是______。
以下2题是基于下述描述:设有图书管理数据库:图书(总编号C(6),分类号C(8),书名C(16),作者C(6),出版单位C(20),单价N(6,2))读者(借书证号C(4),单位C(8),姓名C(6),性别C(2),职称C(6),地
最新回复
(
0
)