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  3. The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle(难住)the most advanc

The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle(难住)the most advanc

admin2013-03-27  20
问题     The more time scientists spend designing computers the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that baffle(难住)the most advanced supercomputer—recognizing a face, reading a handwritten note—are child’s play for the 3-pound organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mistakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brain’s abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator, it must be built more like a brain, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.
    Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving problems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a network much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimensional approach works best at recognizing patterns.
    Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine.
    Neural networks come in all shapes and sizes. Until now most exist as software simulations(模拟品)because redesigning computer chips took a lot of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes.
It can be inferred from the first paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer______.
选项 A、can recognize a face and read a handwritten note
B、can learn from its mistakes
C、weighs only 3 pounds
D、cannot distribute information across an interconnected web of nerve cells
答案D
解析 本题考查推理能力。根据文章第一段最后一句“if a computer is to functionmore like a person and less like an over-grown calculator，it must be built more like abrain．which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells，orneurons”可知，人脑可通过巨大的神经细胞或神经元互联网络传输信息，但最先进的超级计算机却不行，所以D项正确。
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